वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-27

शरान्धकारं तौ भीमं चक्रतुः परमं तदा ।
गते ऽस्तं तपने चापि महामेघाविवोत्थितौ ॥२७॥

27. śarāndhakāraṃ tau bhīmaṃ cakratuḥ paramaṃ tadā ,
gate'staṃ tapane cāpi mahāmeghāvivotthitau.

27. śarāndhakāram tau bhīmam cakratuḥ paramam tadā
gate astam tapane ca api mahāmeghau iva utthitau

27. tadā tau bhīmam paramam śarāndhakāram cakratuḥ
ca api tapane astam gate utthitau mahāmeghau iva

27. Then, those two created an exceedingly fearsome darkness with their arrows. And when the sun had set, they appeared like two massive clouds that have arisen.

Words meanings summery:

• शरान्धकारम् (śarāndhakāram) - darkness of arrows

• तौ (tau) - those two, they (dual)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - terrible, frightful, formidable

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they made, they did, they performed

• परमम् (paramam) - exceedingly (supreme, highest, excellent, exceedingly)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• गते (gate) - having gone, when it had gone

• अस्तम् (astam) - setting (of the sun) (setting, home, disappearance)

• तपने (tapane) - in the sun (in the sun, in the heater)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• महामेघौ (mahāmeghau) - two great clouds

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as, similar to

• उत्थितौ (utthitau) - risen, stood up, appeared (dual)

Words meanings and morphology

शरान्धकारम् (śarāndhakāram) - darkness of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śarāndhakāra

śarāndhakāra - darkness caused by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+andhakāra)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• andhakāra – darkness, gloom
  noun (masculine)
  From `andha` (blind) + `kāra` (making).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `cakratuḥ`.

तौ (tau) - those two, they (dual)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of `cakratuḥ`.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - terrible, frightful, formidable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful, formidable

From root `bhī` (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies `śarāndhakāram`.

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they made, they did, they performed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect tense form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

परमम् (paramam) - exceedingly (supreme, highest, excellent, exceedingly)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

Superlative form of `para`.

Note: Used adverbially here, modifying `bhīmam`.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad`.

Note: Temporal adverb.

गते (gate) - having gone, when it had gone

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

From root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction (`gate astam tapane`), agrees with `tapane`.

अस्तम् (astam) - setting (of the sun) (setting, home, disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting, home, disappearance

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Governed by `gate`.

तपने (tapane) - in the sun (in the sun, in the heater)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tapana

tapana - the sun, heating, scorching

From root `tap` (to heat, burn).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject of the locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle or conjunction.

महामेघौ (mahāmeghau) - two great clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāmegha

mahāmegha - great cloud

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+megha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
  Stem of `mahat`.
• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
  From root `mih` (to sprinkle).
  Root: mih (class 1)

Note: Part of simile with `iva`.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as, similar to

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

उत्थितौ (utthitau) - risen, stood up, appeared (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, emerged, appeared

Past Passive Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `ud`.

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `mahāmeghau` and implicitly with `tau`.