वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-29

उभौ हि परमेष्वासाव् उभौ शस्त्रविशारदौ ।
उभौ चास्त्रविदां मुख्याव् उभौ युद्धे विचेरतुः ॥२९॥

29. ubhau hi parameṣvāsāv ubhau śastraviśāradau ,
ubhau cāstravidāṃ mukhyāv ubhau yuddhe viceratuḥ.

29. ubhau hi parameṣvāsau ubhau śastraviśāradau ubhau
ca astravidām mukhyau ubhau yuddhe viceratuḥ

29. hi ubhau parameṣvāsau ubhau śastraviśāradau ca
ubhau astravidām mukhyau ubhau yuddhe viceratuḥ

29. Indeed, both were supreme archers, both were expert in weapons. Moreover, both were foremost among those who understood divine weapons (astras), and both moved skillfully in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• परमेष्वासौ (parameṣvāsau) - two supreme archers

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• शस्त्रविशारदौ (śastraviśāradau) - two skilled in weapons, two weapon experts

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of experts in missiles, among those who know divine weapons

• मुख्यौ (mukhyau) - two chief, two foremost

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in the fight

• विचेरतुः (viceratuḥ) - they fought (moved skillfully in battle) (they moved about, they fought, they roamed)

Words meanings and morphology

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Used only in dual number.

Note: Refers to the two warriors.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

परमेष्वासौ (parameṣvāsau) - two supreme archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parameṣvāsa

parameṣvāsa - supreme archer, excellent bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+iṣvāsa)

• parama – supreme, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of `para`.
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  `iṣu` (arrow) + `āsa` (shooter/thrower, from root `as` to throw).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for `ubhau` (implied 'were').

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Used only in dual number.

Note: Refers to the two warriors.

शस्त्रविशारदौ (śastraviśāradau) - two skilled in weapons, two weapon experts

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śastraviśārada

śastraviśārada - skilled in weapons, weapon expert

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+viśārada)

• śastra – weapon, knife, sword
  noun (neuter)
  From root `śas` (to cut).
  Root: śas (class 1)
• viśārada – expert, skilled, proficient
  adjective (masculine)
  From `śārad` (autumn, clear) with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for `ubhau`.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Used only in dual number.

Note: Refers to the two warriors.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of experts in missiles, among those who know divine weapons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astravid

astravid - knower of missiles/divine weapons

`astra` (missile) + `vid` (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+vid)

• astra – missile, projectile, divine weapon
  noun (neuter)
  From root `as` (to throw).
  Root: as (class 4)
• vid – knower, expert
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vid` (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates the group among whom they are considered chief.

मुख्यौ (mukhyau) - two chief, two foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, foremost, primary

From `mukha` (face, front, chief part).

Note: Predicate nominative for `ubhau`.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Used only in dual number.

Note: Refers to the two warriors.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root `yudh` (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

विचेरतुः (viceratuḥ) - they fought (moved skillfully in battle) (they moved about, they fought, they roamed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of vicari

Perfect Active

From root `car` (to move) with prefix `vi`. Reduplicated perfect form.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)