वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-45, verse-31

सागरप्रतिमौघेन वृतस्तेन बलेन सः ।
प्रहस्तो निर्ययौ तूर्णं क्रुद्धः कालान्तकोपमः ॥३१॥

31. sāgarapratimaughena vṛtastena balena saḥ ,
prahasto niryayau tūrṇaṃ kruddhaḥ kālāntakopamaḥ.

31. sāgarapratimaughena vṛtaḥ tena balena saḥ
prahastaḥ niryayau tūrṇam kruddhaḥ kālāntakopamaḥ

31. saḥ prahastaḥ sāgarapratimaughena tena balena
vṛtaḥ kruddhaḥ kālāntakopamaḥ tūrṇam niryayau

31. Prahasta, encompassed by that army resembling the surging waves of an ocean, emerged swiftly, enraged and akin to the Destroyer (Kālāntaka).

Words meanings summery:

• सागरप्रतिमौघेन (sāgarapratimaughena) - by the immense multitude resembling the ocean (referring to the army) (by the ocean-like flood/multitude)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by the army) (surrounded, encompassed, covered)

• तेन (tena) - by that (army) (by that)

• बलेन (balena) - by the army (by the army, by force, by strength)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Prahasta) (he, that)

• प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta (one of Rāvaṇa's chief generals) (Prahasta (name of a Rākṣasa))

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - emerged, sallied forth (from Lanka for battle) (sallied forth, went out, departed)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

• कालान्तकोपमः (kālāntakopamaḥ) - akin to the Destroyer (Kālāntaka) (resembling Yama, the Destroyer)

Words meanings and morphology

सागरप्रतिमौघेन (sāgarapratimaughena) - by the immense multitude resembling the ocean (referring to the army) (by the ocean-like flood/multitude)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sāgarapratimaugha

sāgarapratimaugha - ocean-like multitude, ocean-like flood

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāgarapratima+ogha)

• sāgarapratima – ocean-like, resembling an ocean
  adjective (masculine)
• ogha – flood, stream, current, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by the army) (surrounded, encompassed, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, selected

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, encompass)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

तेन (tena) - by that (army) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बलेन (balena) - by the army (by the army, by force, by strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troop

सः (saḥ) - he (Prahasta) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta (one of Rāvaṇa's chief generals) (Prahasta (name of a Rākṣasa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (a name), one with hands extended

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - emerged, sallied forth (from Lanka for battle) (sallied forth, went out, departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of nir-yā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root yā with upasarga nir.

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

From root tvar (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

कालान्तकोपमः (kālāntakopamaḥ) - akin to the Destroyer (Kālāntaka) (resembling Yama, the Destroyer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālāntakopama

kālāntakopama - resembling Kālāntaka (Yama, the god of death)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kālāntaka+upama)

• kālāntaka – Destroyer of Time, Yama (god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
• upama – similar, resembling, comparable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root mā (to measure) with upasarga upa.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 3)

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