वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-45, verse-30

व्यूढेनैव सुघोरेण पूर्वद्वारात् स निर्ययौ ।
गजयूथनिकाशेन बलेन महता वृतः ॥३०॥

30. vyūḍhenaiva sughoreṇa pūrvadvārāt sa niryayau ,
gajayūthanikāśena balena mahatā vṛtaḥ.

30. vyūḍhena eva sughoreṇa pūrvadvārāt sa niryayau
gajayūthanikāśena balena mahatā vṛtaḥ

30. saḥ pūrvadvārāt vyūḍhena eva sughoreṇa mahatā
gajayūthanikāśena balena vṛtaḥ niryayau

30. He departed from the eastern gate, accompanied by a truly formidable and vast army, arranged in formation and resembling a herd of elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यूढेन (vyūḍhena) - by the arrayed (army), by the arranged (formation)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• सुघोरेण (sughoreṇa) - by the very terrible, by the very formidable (army)

• पूर्वद्वारात् (pūrvadvārāt) - from the eastern gate

• स (sa) - he

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - went forth, departed

• गजयूथनिकाशेन (gajayūthanikāśena) - resembling a herd of elephants

• बलेन (balena) - by force, by an army

• महता (mahatā) - by a great (army/force)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied

Words meanings and morphology

व्यूढेन (vyūḍhena) - by the arrayed (army), by the arranged (formation)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vyūḍha

vyūḍha - arrayed, arranged, formed (as an army)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ūh (to push, arrange) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies balena.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

सुघोरेण (sughoreṇa) - by the very terrible, by the very formidable (army)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sughora

sughora - very terrible, exceedingly dreadful

Compound of su (prefix for 'very') and ghora (terrible).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+ghora)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good', 'well', 'very'.
• ghora – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective

Note: Qualifies balena.

पूर्वद्वारात् (pūrvadvārāt) - from the eastern gate

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pūrvadvāra

pūrvadvāra - eastern gate

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+dvāra)

• pūrva – eastern, former, prior
  adjective (masculine)
• dvāra – door, gate
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dvṛ (class 1)

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - went forth, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

गजयूथनिकाशेन (gajayūthanikāśena) - resembling a herd of elephants

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gajayūthanikāśa

gajayūthanikāśa - resembling a herd of elephants

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+yūtha+nikāśa)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• yūtha – herd, flock, multitude
  noun (neuter)
• nikāśa – resemblance, appearance, like
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root kāś (to appear) with prefix ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies balena.

बलेन (balena) - by force, by an army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

महता (mahatā) - by a great (army/force)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with balena.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Prahastha).