वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-23, verse-5

आर्येण किं नु कैकेय्याः कृतं रामेण विप्रियम् ।
यद्गृहाच्चीरवसनस्तया प्रस्थापितो वनम् ॥५॥

5. āryeṇa kiṃ nu kaikeyyāḥ kṛtaṃ rāmeṇa vipriyam ,
yadgṛhāccīravasanastayā prasthāpito vanam.

5. āryeṇa kim nu kaikeyīyāḥ kṛtam rāmeṇa vipriyam
yat gṛhāt cīravasanaḥ tayā prasthāpitaḥ vanam

5. kaikeyīyāḥ rāmeṇa āryeṇa kim nu vipriyam kṛtam
yat cīravasanaḥ gṛhāt tayā vanam prasthāpitaḥ

5. What disagreeable thing was indeed done by the noble Rama for Kaikeyī, that he, clad in bark garments, was banished from home to the forest by her?

Words meanings summery:

• आर्येण (āryeṇa) - by the noble Rama (by the noble one, by the respectable one)

• किम् (kim) - what (disagreeable thing) (what, why)

• नु (nu) - indeed, surely (emphasizes the question) (indeed, surely, now (particle of interrogation or affirmation))

• कैकेयीयाः (kaikeyīyāḥ) - to Kaikeyī (as the recipient of the disagreeable action) (of Kaikeyī, to Kaikeyī)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done (done, made, performed)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

• विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - a disagreeable act (disagreeable, unpleasant, unwelcome (thing))

• यत् (yat) - that (is why) (that, which, because)

• गृहात् (gṛhāt) - from home, from the house

• चीरवसनः (cīravasanaḥ) - Rama, wearing bark clothes (as a sign of asceticism/exile) (clad in bark garments)

• तया (tayā) - by Kaikeyī (by her)

• प्रस्थापितः (prasthāpitaḥ) - was banished (to the forest) (banished, sent forth, dispatched)

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (as destination) (to the forest, forest)

Words meanings and morphology

आर्येण (āryeṇa) - by the noble Rama (by the noble one, by the respectable one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, respectable, honorable, worthy

Note: Modifies 'rāmeṇa'.

किम् (kim) - what (disagreeable thing) (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun, refers to 'vipriyam'.

नु (nu) - indeed, surely (emphasizes the question) (indeed, surely, now (particle of interrogation or affirmation))

(indeclinable)

कैकेयीयाः (kaikeyīyāḥ) - to Kaikeyī (as the recipient of the disagreeable action) (of Kaikeyī, to Kaikeyī)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (name of one of King Dasaratha's wives)

Note: Functions in a dative sense here (for/to Kaikeyī).

कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'kṛ' (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a Hindu deity, a prince of Ayodhya, protagonist of the Ramayana)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'kṛtam'.

विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - a disagreeable act (disagreeable, unpleasant, unwelcome (thing))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vipriya

vipriya - disagreeable, unpleasant, unwelcome, hated, adverse

Compound type : tatpurusha (vi+priya)

• vi – apart, asunder, away, (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Substantivized adjective, functioning as the object of 'kṛtam'.

यत् (yat) - that (is why) (that, which, because)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun); because, since (conjunction)

Note: Introduces the causal clause.

गृहात् (gṛhāt) - from home, from the house

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling, family

Root: grah (class 9)

चीरवसनः (cīravasanaḥ) - Rama, wearing bark clothes (as a sign of asceticism/exile) (clad in bark garments)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cīravasana

cīravasana - clad in bark garments, wearing bark clothes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (cīra+vasana)

• cīra – strip of bark, bark garment, rag, old cloth
  noun (neuter)
• vasana – clothing, garment, dress
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Refers to Rama.

तया (tayā) - by Kaikeyī (by her)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she, it

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'prasthāpitaḥ'.

प्रस्थापितः (prasthāpitaḥ) - was banished (to the forest) (banished, sent forth, dispatched)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasthāpita

prasthāpita - banished, sent forth, dispatched, caused to go

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

Past passive participle of the causative stem of root 'sthā' with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for Rama (implied subject).

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (as destination) (to the forest, forest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Indicates destination of motion.