वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-23, verse-16

उपशेषे महाबाहो मां विहाय तपस्विनीम् ।
प्रियामिव शुभां नारीं पृथिवीं पुरुषर्षभ ॥१६॥

16. upaśeṣe mahābāho māṃ vihāya tapasvinīm ,
priyāmiva śubhāṃ nārīṃ pṛthivīṃ puruṣarṣabha.

16. upaśeṣe mahābāho mām vihāya tapasvinīm priyām
iva śubhām nārīm pṛthivīm puruṣarṣabha

16. mahābāho puruṣarṣabha mām tapasvinīm vihāya
tvam priyām śubhām nārīm iva pṛthivīm upaśeṣe

16. O mighty-armed one, O best of men (puruṣarṣabha), having abandoned me, your ascetic (tapasvinī) beloved, you lie upon the earth as if she were a beautiful, auspicious woman.

Words meanings summery:

• उपशेषे (upaśeṣe) - you lie upon, you rest on

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• माम् (mām) - me

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left

• तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - my sorrowful wife/beloved (ascetic, one devoted to austerity; sorrowful woman)

• प्रियाम् (priyām) - beloved, dear

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious, beautiful, lovely

• नारीम् (nārīm) - woman

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men

Words meanings and morphology

उपशेषे (upaśeṣe) - you lie upon, you rest on

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of upaśī

Present Middle

From root śī (to lie down) with prefix upa-. Middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'you' (implied subject).

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed (epithet for heroes/kings)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing the deceased.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

Note: Object of 'vihāya'.

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

From root hā (to abandon, leave) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Describes the action preceding 'upaśeṣe'.

तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - my sorrowful wife/beloved (ascetic, one devoted to austerity; sorrowful woman)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - female ascetic, sorrowful woman (feminine of tapasvin)

Root: tapas

Note: Qualifies 'mām'. Can also mean 'wretched' or 'sorrowful'.

प्रियाम् (priyām) - beloved, dear

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing; a beloved person

Note: Qualifies 'nārīm'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious, beautiful, lovely

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubhā

śubhā - auspicious, beautiful, lovely

Note: Qualifies 'nārīm'.

नारीम् (nārīm) - woman

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

Note: Object of comparison.

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - the earth, ground

Note: Object of 'upaśeṣe'.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best/foremost of men (literally 'bull of men')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing the deceased.