वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-22, verse-12

सा भर्त्स्यमाना भीमाभी राक्षसीभिर्वरानना ।
सा बाष्पमपमार्जन्ती शिंशपां तामुपागमत् ॥१२॥

12. sā bhartsyamānā bhīmābhī rākṣasībhirvarānanā ,
sā bāṣpamapamārjantī śiṃśapāṃ tāmupāgamat.

12. sā bhartsyamānā bhīmābhiḥ rākṣasībhiḥ varānanā
sā bāṣpam apamārjantī śiṃśapām tām upāgamat

12. sā varānanā bhīmābhiḥ rākṣasībhiḥ bhartsyamānā
bāṣpam apamārjantī sā tām śiṃśapām upāgamat

12. The beautiful Sītā, being threatened by those terrible ogresses, wiped away her tears and approached that Śiṃśapā tree.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - Sītā (she, that)

• भर्त्स्यमाना (bhartsyamānā) - Sītā, who was being threatened (being threatened, being rebuked)

• भीमाभिः (bhīmābhiḥ) - by the terrible ogresses (by the terrible ones, by the dreadful ones)

• राक्षसीभिः (rākṣasībhiḥ) - by the female attendants of Rāvaṇa (by the ogresses, by the female demons)

• वरानना (varānanā) - Sītā, who has a beautiful face (beautiful-faced, having an excellent face)

• सा (sā) - Sītā (she, that)

• बाष्पम् (bāṣpam) - her tears (tear, teardrop)

• अपमार्जन्ती (apamārjantī) - wiping away her tears (wiping away, cleansing)

• शिंशपाम् (śiṁśapām) - to the specific Śiṃśapā tree in Ashokavana (to the Śiṃśapā tree)

• ताम् (tām) - that particular Śiṃśapā tree (that)

• उपागमत् (upāgamat) - Sītā approached (approached)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - Sītā (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

भर्त्स्यमाना (bhartsyamānā) - Sītā, who was being threatened (being threatened, being rebuked)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhartsyamāna

bhartsyamāna - being threatened, being rebuked

Present Passive Participle

From √bharts (1A, 'to threaten, abuse') with the suffix -māna, used for present passive participles.

Root: bharts

Note: Participle acting as an adjective modifying 'sā'.

भीमाभिः (bhīmābhiḥ) - by the terrible ogresses (by the terrible ones, by the dreadful ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of bhīmā

bhīmā - terrible, dreadful, fierce (feminine)

Feminine form of bhīma.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasībhiḥ'.

राक्षसीभिः (rākṣasībhiḥ) - by the female attendants of Rāvaṇa (by the ogresses, by the female demons)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - ogress, female demon

Feminine form of rākṣasa.

Note: Agent of the action 'bhartsyamānā'.

वरानना (varānanā) - Sītā, who has a beautiful face (beautiful-faced, having an excellent face)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of varānana

varānana - beautiful-faced, having an excellent face

Bahuvrīhi compound: vara (excellent) + ānana (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vara+ānana)

• vara – excellent, best, boon
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From √an (to breathe) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Sītā.

सा (sā) - Sītā (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

बाष्पम् (bāṣpam) - her tears (tear, teardrop)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṣpa

bāṣpa - tear, steam, vapor

Note: Object of 'apamārjantī'.

अपमार्जन्ती (apamārjantī) - wiping away her tears (wiping away, cleansing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apamārjant

apamārjant - wiping away, cleansing

Present Active Participle

From √mṛj (2P, 'to wipe, clean') with prefix apa-.

Prefix: apa

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Participle acting as an adjective modifying 'sā'.

शिंशपाम् (śiṁśapām) - to the specific Śiṃśapā tree in Ashokavana (to the Śiṃśapā tree)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śiṃśapā

śiṁśapā - name of a tree (Dalbergia sissoo)

Note: Object of motion 'upāgamat'.

ताम् (tām) - that particular Śiṃśapā tree (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun modifying 'śiṃśapām'.

उपागमत् (upāgamat) - Sītā approached (approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of upāgam

From √gam (1P, 'to go') with prefix upa + ā.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)