वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-22, verse-1

ततः सीतामुपागम्य राक्षस्यो विकृताननाः ।
परुषं परुषा नार्य ऊचुस्ता वाक्यमप्रियम् ॥१॥

1. tataḥ sītāmupāgamya rākṣasyo vikṛtānanāḥ ,
paruṣaṃ paruṣā nārya ūcustā vākyamapriyam.

1. tataḥ sītām upāgamya rākṣasyaḥ vikṛtānanāḥ
paruṣam paruṣāḥ nāryaḥ ūcuḥ tāḥ vākyam apriyam

1. tataḥ vikṛtānanāḥ paruṣāḥ rākṣasyaḥ nāryaḥ
sītām upāgamya tāḥ paruṣam apriyam vākyam ūcuḥ

1. Thereupon, the Rākṣasīs with distorted faces, harsh women, having approached Sītā, spoke to her an unpleasant and harsh statement.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā (accusative)

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

• राक्षस्यः (rākṣasyaḥ) - Rākṣasīs (female demons)

• विकृताननाः (vikṛtānanāḥ) - having distorted faces, ugly-faced

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, cruel, rough

• परुषाः (paruṣāḥ) - harsh, cruel

• नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• ताः (tāḥ) - Refers to the Rākṣasīs/women, reinforcing the subject. (those (women), them)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) with suffix 'tas' (from).

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of the wife of Rāma)

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (Gerund) form from root 'gam' with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

राक्षस्यः (rākṣasyaḥ) - Rākṣasīs (female demons)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - female demon, Rākṣasī

विकृताननाः (vikṛtānanāḥ) - having distorted faces, ugly-faced

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vikṛtānana

vikṛtānana - having a distorted face, ugly-faced

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vikṛta+ānana)

• vikṛta – changed, altered, distorted, ugly
  verbal derivative (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'kṛ' with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, cruel, rough

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe, unkind

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

परुषाः (paruṣāḥ) - harsh, cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe, unkind

Note: Modifies 'nāryaḥ'.

नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ताः (tāḥ) - Refers to the Rākṣasīs/women, reinforcing the subject. (those (women), them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, statement, sentence

From 'vāc' (speech) + suffix '-ya'.

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile, disliked

Negative compound of 'a' (not) + 'priya' (dear, pleasant).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.