वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-13, verse-47

इयं सा यत् कृते रामश्चतुर्भिः परितप्यते ।
कारुण्येनानृशंस्येन शोकेन मदनेन च ॥४७॥

47. iyaṃ sā yat kṛte rāmaścaturbhiḥ paritapyate ,
kāruṇyenānṛśaṃsyena śokena madanena ca.

47. iyam sā yat kṛte rāmaḥ caturbhiḥ paritapyate
kāruṇyena ānṛśaṃsyena śokena madanena ca

47. iyam sā yat kṛte rāmaḥ caturbhiḥ kāruṇyena
ānṛśaṃsyena śokena madanena ca paritapyate

47. This is she, because of whom Rama suffers greatly, tormented by four emotions: compassion, kindness, sorrow, and desire.

Words meanings summery:

• इयम् (iyam) - This is she (this one, she)

• सा (sā) - she (she, that one)

• यत् (yat) - for whom (as part of yat kṛte) (which, what, who)

• कृते (kṛte) - because of whom (for the sake of, on account of)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four (emotions) (by four)

• परितप्यते (paritapyate) - suffers greatly, tormented (is tormented, suffers greatly, is afflicted)

• कारुण्येन (kāruṇyena) - by compassion (by compassion, through pity)

• आनृशंस्येन (ānṛśaṁsyena) - by kindness (by kindness, by humanity, by absence of cruelty)

• शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow (by sorrow, by grief)

• मदनेन (madanena) - by desire (by love, by desire, by passion)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

इयम् (iyam) - This is she (this one, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

सा (sā) - she (she, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

यत् (yat) - for whom (as part of yat kṛte) (which, what, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Part of the idiom "yat kṛte" meaning "for the sake of which/whom".

कृते (kṛte) - because of whom (for the sake of, on account of)

(indeclinable)

Locative singular of kṛta used as an indeclinable.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with a genitive or a relative pronoun to mean "for the sake of".

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a Hindu deity)

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four (emotions) (by four)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the four things mentioned afterwards.

परितप्यते (paritapyate) - suffers greatly, tormented (is tormented, suffers greatly, is afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of paritap

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 4)

Note: Root √tap (class 4) meaning "to suffer" in middle voice.

कारुण्येन (kāruṇyena) - by compassion (by compassion, through pity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kāruṇya

kāruṇya - compassion, pity, mercy

आनृशंस्येन (ānṛśaṁsyena) - by kindness (by kindness, by humanity, by absence of cruelty)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ānṛśaṃsya

ānṛśaṁsya - kindness, humanity, absence of cruelty

Derived from an-ṛśaṃsa (not cruel) with suffix -ya.

शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow (by sorrow, by grief)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief

Root: śuc (class 1)

मदनेन (madanena) - by desire (by love, by desire, by passion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madana

madana - love, desire, passion; also name of Kama (god of love)

Root: mad (class 7)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

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