वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-13, verse-30

निःश्वासबहुलां भीरुं भुजगेन्द्रवधूमिव ।
शोकजालेन महता विततेन न राजतीम् ॥३०॥

30. niḥśvāsabahulāṃ bhīruṃ bhujagendravadhūmiva ,
śokajālena mahatā vitatena na rājatīm.

30. niḥśvāsabahulām bhīrum bhujagendravadhūm
iva śokajālena mahatā vitatena na rājatīm

30. niḥśvāsabahulām bhīrum bhujagendravadhūm
iva mahatā vitatena śokajālena na rājatīm

30. She was filled with many sighs, fearful, like the wife of the king of serpents. She did not shine, enveloped by a great, widespread net of grief.

Words meanings summery:

• निःश्वासबहुलाम् (niḥśvāsabahulām) - referring to Sītā, frequently sighing due to distress (filled with many sighs, sighing frequently)

• भीरुम् (bhīrum) - Sītā, frightened and vulnerable (fearful, timid, frightened)

• भुजगेन्द्रवधूम् (bhujagendravadhūm) - Sītā, compared to a beautiful, trapped, and fearful Nāginī (the wife of the king of serpents)

• इव (iva) - Expresses comparison (like, as if, similar to)

• शोकजालेन (śokajālena) - Sītā's state, trapped by sorrow (by a net of sorrow, by a network of grief)

• महता (mahatā) - qualifying the 'net of grief' as extensive (by a great, by a large)

• विततेन (vitatena) - qualifying the 'net of grief' as widespread (by an extensive, by a spread out)

• न (na) - negation of radiance (not, no)

• राजतीम् (rājatīm) - Sītā, not appearing radiant (shining, radiant, glorious)

Words meanings and morphology

निःश्वासबहुलाम् (niḥśvāsabahulām) - referring to Sītā, frequently sighing due to distress (filled with many sighs, sighing frequently)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niḥśvāsabahula

niḥśvāsabahula - full of many sighs, sighing much

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niḥśvāsa+bahula)

• niḥśvāsa – sigh, deep breath
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: śvas (class 2)
• bahula – much, abundant, numerous, frequent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies the implied Sītā.

भीरुम् (bhīrum) - Sītā, frightened and vulnerable (fearful, timid, frightened)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhīru

bhīru - timid, fearful, cowardly

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies the implied Sītā.

भुजगेन्द्रवधूम् (bhujagendravadhūm) - Sītā, compared to a beautiful, trapped, and fearful Nāginī (the wife of the king of serpents)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhujagendravadhū

bhujagendravadhū - wife of the king of serpents

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhujaga+indra+vadhū)

• bhujaga – serpent, snake (lit. 'moving on arm/shoulder')
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: bhuj
  Root: gam (class 1)
• indra – chief, lord, king; the god Indra
  noun (masculine)
• vadhū – wife, daughter-in-law, young woman
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of implied comparison.

इव (iva) - Expresses comparison (like, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

शोकजालेन (śokajālena) - Sītā's state, trapped by sorrow (by a net of sorrow, by a network of grief)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śokajāla

śokajāla - net of sorrow, network of grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+jāla)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve, to burn).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• jāla – net, snare, web
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument of non-radiance.

महता (mahatā) - qualifying the 'net of grief' as extensive (by a great, by a large)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty

Note: Agrees with śokajālena.

विततेन (vitatena) - qualifying the 'net of grief' as widespread (by an extensive, by a spread out)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vitata

vitata - spread out, extended, vast, wide

Past Passive Participle

From root tan with vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Agrees with śokajālena.

न (na) - negation of radiance (not, no)

(indeclinable)

राजतीम् (rājatīm) - Sītā, not appearing radiant (shining, radiant, glorious)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rājatī

rājat - shining, radiant, splendid, beautiful

Present Active Participle

Feminine form of rājat (present participle of rāj - to shine).

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied Sītā.

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