वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-13, verse-3

तां स नन्दनसंकाशां मृगपक्षिभिरावृताम् ।
हर्म्यप्रासादसंबाधां कोकिलाकुलनिःस्वनाम् ॥३॥

3. tāṃ sa nandanasaṃkāśāṃ mṛgapakṣibhirāvṛtām ,
harmyaprāsādasaṃbādhāṃ kokilākulaniḥsvanām.

3. tām saḥ nandanasamkāśām mṛgapakṣibhiḥ āvṛtām
harmyaprāsādasaṃbādhām kokilākulaniḥsvanām

3. saḥ tām nandanasamkāśām mṛgapakṣibhiḥ āvṛtām
harmyaprāsādasaṃbādhām kokilākulaniḥsvanām

3. He saw that (place), which resembled Nandanavana (Indra's celestial garden), teeming with deer and birds, crowded with mansions and palaces, and filled with the sounds of excited cuckoos.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (place previously described) (her, that (feminine, accusative singular))

• सः (saḥ) - he (implied subject, e.g., the observer) (he, that (masculine, nominative singular))

• नन्दनसम्काशाम् (nandanasamkāśām) - resembling Nandanavana (Indra's celestial garden) (feminine singular, accusative) (resembling Nandanavana)

• मृगपक्षिभिः (mṛgapakṣibhiḥ) - by deer and birds, (implying teeming with them) (by deer and birds)

• आवृताम् (āvṛtām) - teeming, filled (feminine singular, accusative) (covered, surrounded, filled)

• हर्म्यप्रासादसंबाधाम् (harmyaprāsādasaṁbādhām) - crowded with mansions and palaces (feminine singular, accusative) (crowded with mansions and palaces)

• कोकिलाकुलनिःस्वनाम् (kokilākulaniḥsvanām) - filled with the sounds of excited cuckoos (feminine singular, accusative) (filled with the cries of agitated cuckoos)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (place previously described) (her, that (feminine, accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

सः (saḥ) - he (implied subject, e.g., the observer) (he, that (masculine, nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to an implied male subject (e.g., the protagonist) observing the scene.

नन्दनसम्काशाम् (nandanasamkāśām) - resembling Nandanavana (Indra's celestial garden) (feminine singular, accusative) (resembling Nandanavana)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nandanasamkāśa

nandanasamkāśa - resembling Nandanavana

Compound type : tatpurusha (nandana+saṃkāśa)

• nandana – Indra's pleasure grove/garden, a son
  proper noun/noun (masculine/neuter)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like
  adjective

Note: Adjective agreeing with `tām`.

मृगपक्षिभिः (mṛgapakṣibhiḥ) - by deer and birds, (implying teeming with them) (by deer and birds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mṛgapakṣin

mṛgapakṣin - deer and birds

Compound type : dvandva (mṛga+pakṣin)

• mṛga – deer, animal
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣin – bird
  noun (masculine)

Note: Typically used with `āvṛtām` (covered by).

आवृताम् (āvṛtām) - teeming, filled (feminine singular, accusative) (covered, surrounded, filled)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, filled

Past Passive Participle

From verb root vṛ (to cover) with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `tām`.

हर्म्यप्रासादसंबाधाम् (harmyaprāsādasaṁbādhām) - crowded with mansions and palaces (feminine singular, accusative) (crowded with mansions and palaces)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of harmyaprāsādasaṃbādha

harmyaprāsādasaṁbādha - crowded with mansions and palaces

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (harmya+prāsāda+saṃbādha)

• harmya – mansion, palace
  noun (neuter)
• prāsāda – palace, temple
  noun (masculine)
• saṃbādha – crowded, obstructed, distressed
  adjective/noun
  Prefix: sam
  Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `tām`.

कोकिलाकुलनिःस्वनाम् (kokilākulaniḥsvanām) - filled with the sounds of excited cuckoos (feminine singular, accusative) (filled with the cries of agitated cuckoos)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kokilākulaniḥsvana

kokilākulaniḥsvana - filled with the cries of agitated cuckoos

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kokila+ākula+niḥsvana)

• kokila – cuckoo
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – agitated, perplexed, crowded, full of
  adjective
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)
• niḥsvana – sound, cry, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `tām`.

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