वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-13, verse-23

प्रियं जनमपश्यन्तीं पश्यन्तीं राक्षसीगणम् ।
स्वगणेन मृगीं हीनां श्वगणाभिवृतामिव ॥२३॥

23. priyaṃ janamapaśyantīṃ paśyantīṃ rākṣasīgaṇam ,
svagaṇena mṛgīṃ hīnāṃ śvagaṇābhivṛtāmiva.

23. priyam janam apaśyantīm paśyantīm rākṣasīgaṇam
svagaṇena mṛgīm hīnām śvaghaṇābhivṛtām iva

23. priyam janam apaśyantīm,
rākṣasīgaṇam paśyantīm,
svagaṇena hīnām mṛgīm śvaghaṇābhivṛtām iva (sā āsīt)

23. Not seeing her loved ones, but instead seeing only the host of female demons, she was like a doe separated from its own herd and surrounded by a pack of dogs.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रियम् (priyam) - her beloved people, family, and friends (dear, beloved)

• जनम् (janam) - her kinsfolk, family, or friends (person, people)

• अपश्यन्तीम् (apaśyantīm) - Sītā, not seeing her beloved people, implying separation (not seeing, unable to see)

• पश्यन्तीम् (paśyantīm) - Sītā, seeing the demonic women around her (seeing, observing)

• राक्षसीगणम् (rākṣasīgaṇam) - the group of Rākṣasī guards in Laṅkā (host of female demons)

• स्वगणेन (svagaṇena) - by her own kind, her companions, as a doe would be with its herd (by her own group/herd)

• मृगीम् (mṛgīm) - Sītā, likened to a vulnerable female deer (a doe, female deer)

• हीनाम् (hīnām) - Sītā, separated from her own people (deprived of, separated from, abandoned)

• श्वघणाभिवृताम् (śvaghaṇābhivṛtām) - Sītā, surrounded by menacing female demons, like a doe by dogs (surrounded by a pack of dogs)

• इव (iva) - used for comparison, emphasizing Sītā's vulnerability (like, as if, similar to)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रियम् (priyam) - her beloved people, family, and friends (dear, beloved)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

Root: prī (class 9)

जनम् (janam) - her kinsfolk, family, or friends (person, people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, human being

From root jan 'to be born'

Root: jan (class 4)

अपश्यन्तीम् (apaśyantīm) - Sītā, not seeing her beloved people, implying separation (not seeing, unable to see)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apaśyantī

apaśyantī - not seeing

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś 'to see', with negative prefix a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyantī)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• paśyantī – seeing
  adjective (feminine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root dṛś 'to see'
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

पश्यन्तीम् (paśyantīm) - Sītā, seeing the demonic women around her (seeing, observing)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paśyantī

paśyantī - seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś 'to see'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राक्षसीगणम् (rākṣasīgaṇam) - the group of Rākṣasī guards in Laṅkā (host of female demons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasīgaṇa

rākṣasīgaṇa - host of female demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasī+gaṇa)

• rākṣasī – female demon
  noun (feminine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

स्वगणेन (svagaṇena) - by her own kind, her companions, as a doe would be with its herd (by her own group/herd)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svagaṇa

svagaṇa - one's own group or herd

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+gaṇa)

• sva – one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, herd
  noun (masculine)

मृगीम् (mṛgīm) - Sītā, likened to a vulnerable female deer (a doe, female deer)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgī

mṛgī - a doe, female deer

हीनाम् (hīnām) - Sītā, separated from her own people (deprived of, separated from, abandoned)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hīnā

hīnā - deprived of, abandoned, wanting

Past Passive Participle

From root hā 'to abandon, to leave'

Root: hā (class 3)

श्वघणाभिवृताम् (śvaghaṇābhivṛtām) - Sītā, surrounded by menacing female demons, like a doe by dogs (surrounded by a pack of dogs)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śvaghaṇābhivṛtā

śvaghaṇābhivṛtā - surrounded by a pack of dogs

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śva+gaṇa+abhivṛtā)

• śva – dog
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, pack
  noun (masculine)
• abhivṛtā – surrounded
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ 'to cover, surround' with prefix abhi
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

इव (iva) - used for comparison, emphasizing Sītā's vulnerability (like, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

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