वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-13, verse-9

पुंनागाः सप्तपर्णाश्च चम्पकोद्दालकास्तथा ।
विवृद्धमूला बहवः शोभन्ते स्म सुपुष्पिताः ॥९॥

9. puṃnāgāḥ saptaparṇāśca campakoddālakāstathā ,
vivṛddhamūlā bahavaḥ śobhante sma supuṣpitāḥ.

9. punnāgāḥ saptaparṇāḥ ca campaka-uddālakāḥ tathā
vivṛddha-mūlāḥ bahavaḥ śobhante sma supuṣpitāḥ

9. bahavaḥ vivṛddha-mūlāḥ supuṣpitāḥ punnāgāḥ ca
saptaparṇāḥ tathā campaka-uddālakāḥ śobhante sma

9. Many Punnāga, Saptaparṇa, Campaka, and Uddālaka trees, with their well-developed roots, shone brightly, profusely blooming.

Words meanings summery:

• पुन्नागाः (punnāgāḥ) - Punnāga trees (Mesua ferrea) (Punnāga trees)

• सप्तपर्णाः (saptaparṇāḥ) - Saptaparṇa trees (Alstonia scholaris) (Saptaparṇa trees, seven-leaved)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• चम्पक-उद्दालकाः (campaka-uddālakāḥ) - Campaka and Uddālaka trees

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly (thus, so, and, also)

• विवृद्ध-मूलाः (vivṛddha-mūlāḥ) - with their well-developed roots (having well-grown roots)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• शोभन्ते (śobhante) - shone brightly (shine, are beautiful, adorn)

• स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense) (particle indicating past tense with a present verb)

• सुपुष्पिताः (supuṣpitāḥ) - profusely blooming (well-flowered, profusely blooming)

Words meanings and morphology

पुन्नागाः (punnāgāḥ) - Punnāga trees (Mesua ferrea) (Punnāga trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of punnāga

punnāga - Punnāga tree (Mesua ferrea, also called Nāgakeśara)

सप्तपर्णाः (saptaparṇāḥ) - Saptaparṇa trees (Alstonia scholaris) (Saptaparṇa trees, seven-leaved)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saptaparṇa

saptaparṇa - Saptaparṇa tree (Alstonia scholaris, known for its whorls of seven leaves)

Bahuvrīhi compound: sapta (seven) + parṇa (leaf)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sapta+parṇa)

• sapta – seven
  numeral
• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

चम्पक-उद्दालकाः (campaka-uddālakāḥ) - Campaka and Uddālaka trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of campaka-uddālaka

campaka-uddālaka - Campaka (Michelia champaca) and Uddālaka (Cassia fistula or Bauhinia variegata) trees

Dvanda compound

Compound type : dvandva (campaka+uddālaka)

• campaka – Campaka tree (Michelia champaca)
  noun (masculine)
• uddālaka – Uddālaka tree (Cassia fistula or Bauhinia variegata)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sandhi: campaka + uddālaka > campakoddālaka (guṇa)

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

विवृद्ध-मूलाः (vivṛddha-mūlāḥ) - with their well-developed roots (having well-grown roots)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivṛddha-mūla

vivṛddha-mūla - having well-grown roots, well-rooted

Bahuvrīhi compound: vivṛddha (well-grown) + mūla (root)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vivṛddha+mūla)

• vivṛddha – well-grown, increased, developed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-√vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• mūla – root, base, origin
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `punnāgāḥ`, `saptaparṇāḥ`, `campakoddālakāḥ`.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with the various tree names.

शोभन्ते (śobhante) - shone brightly (shine, are beautiful, adorn)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śubh

Present Indicative

From √śubh (to shine, be beautiful)

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Used with `sma` to indicate past tense.

स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense) (particle indicating past tense with a present verb)

(indeclinable)

Note: Null for `lakara` as it's a particle, not a conjugated verb itself.

सुपुष्पिताः (supuṣpitāḥ) - profusely blooming (well-flowered, profusely blooming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of supuṣpita

supuṣpita - well-flowered, profusely blooming, in full blossom

Past Passive Participle (intensive)

Compound of su (well, good) + puṣpita (flowered)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+puṣpita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix for intensification
• puṣpita – flowered, in bloom
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √puṣp (to flower)
  Root: puṣp (class 10)

Note: Agrees with the various tree names.

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