वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-13, verse-38

तां समीक्ष्य विशालाक्षीं राजपुत्रीमनिन्दिताम् ।
तर्कयामास सीतेति कारणैरुपपादयन् ॥३८॥

38. tāṃ samīkṣya viśālākṣīṃ rājaputrīmaninditām ,
tarkayāmāsa sīteti kāraṇairupapādayan.

38. tām samīkṣya viśālākṣīm rājaputrīm aninditām
tarkayāmāsa sītā iti kāraṇaiḥ upapādayan

38. upapādayan kāraṇaiḥ tām viśālākṣīm aninditām
rājaputrīm samīkṣya sītā iti tarkayāmāsa

38. Supporting his conclusion with evidence, he inferred, upon seeing that wide-eyed, faultless princess, "This is Sītā."

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her, that

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

• विशालाक्षीम् (viśālākṣīm) - wide-eyed (feminine)

• राजपुत्रीम् (rājaputrīm) - princess

• अनिन्दिताम् (aninditām) - faultless, blameless, unblemished

• तर्कयामास (tarkayāmāsa) - he speculated, he inferred, he considered

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā (proper noun)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech/thought

• कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons, by causes, by evidence

• उपपादयन् (upapādayan) - Hanumān establishing his conclusion (establishing, proving, supporting (masculine nominative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from sam-īkṣ (to look at, observe)

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

विशालाक्षीम् (viśālākṣīm) - wide-eyed (feminine)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viśālākṣī

viśālākṣī - wide-eyed, large-eyed (feminine)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśāla+akṣi)

• viśāla – wide, large, extensive
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

राजपुत्रीम् (rājaputrīm) - princess

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rājaputrī

rājaputrī - princess, daughter of a king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putrī)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• putrī – daughter
  noun (feminine)

अनिन्दिताम् (aninditām) - faultless, blameless, unblemished

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aninditā

aninditā - faultless, blameless (feminine)

Past Passive Participle (negated)

from 'a' (negative prefix) + nindita (blamed, past passive participle of nind-)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• nindita – blamed, censured
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root nind (to blame)
  Root: nind (class 1)

तर्कयामास (tarkayāmāsa) - he speculated, he inferred, he considered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of tarkayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect tense

Periphrastic perfect from root tark (to reason, guess)

Root: tark (class 10)

सीता (sītā) - Sītā (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Janaka's daughter, Rama's wife)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech/thought

(indeclinable)

कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons, by causes, by evidence

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Root: kṛ (class 8)

उपपादयन् (upapādayan) - Hanumān establishing his conclusion (establishing, proving, supporting (masculine nominative singular))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upapādayat

upapādayat - establishing, proving, supporting (present active participle)

present active participle

from upa-pad (to go near, to obtain) in causative

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

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