मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-72, verse-4
ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
नरेन्द्र सा हि विपिने भक्षिता श्वनापदैर्यदि ।
अलन्तया किमन्यस्या न पाणिर्गृह्यते त्वया ।
क्रोधस्य वशमागम्य धर्मो न रक्षितस्त्वया ॥४॥
नरेन्द्र सा हि विपिने भक्षिता श्वनापदैर्यदि ।
अलन्तया किमन्यस्या न पाणिर्गृह्यते त्वया ।
क्रोधस्य वशमागम्य धर्मो न रक्षितस्त्वया ॥४॥
4. brāhmaṇa uvāca .
narendra sā hi vipine bhakṣitā śvanāpadairyadi .
alantayā kimanyasyā na pāṇirgṛhyate tvayā .
krodhasya vaśamāgamya dharmo na rakṣitastvayā.
narendra sā hi vipine bhakṣitā śvanāpadairyadi .
alantayā kimanyasyā na pāṇirgṛhyate tvayā .
krodhasya vaśamāgamya dharmo na rakṣitastvayā.
4.
brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca | narendra sā hi vipine
bhakṣitā śvanāpadaiḥ yadi | alam tayā kim
anyasyāḥ na pāṇiḥ gṛhyate tvayā | krodhasya
vaśam āgamya dharmaḥ na rakṣitaḥ tvayā
bhakṣitā śvanāpadaiḥ yadi | alam tayā kim
anyasyāḥ na pāṇiḥ gṛhyate tvayā | krodhasya
vaśam āgamya dharmaḥ na rakṣitaḥ tvayā
4.
The Brahmin said, "O King, if she was indeed devoured by wild animals in the forest, then what is the use of her? Why do you not take the hand of another woman? Having fallen under the sway of anger, you have not protected the natural law (dharma)."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O King, O Lord of men
- सा (sā) - she, that (female)
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- विपिने (vipine) - in the forest, in the wilderness
- भक्षिता (bhakṣitā) - eaten, devoured
- श्वनापदैः (śvanāpadaiḥ) - by wild animals
- यदि (yadi) - if
- अलम् (alam) - enough, sufficient, in vain, what's the use
- तया (tayā) - by her, with her, of her
- किम् (kim) - why, what
- अन्यस्याः (anyasyāḥ) - of another (woman), of a different (woman)
- न (na) - not, no
- पाणिः (pāṇiḥ) - hand
- गृह्यते (gṛhyate) - is taken, is seized, is grasped
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
- क्रोधस्य (krodhasya) - of anger
- वशम् (vaśam) - sway, control, power
- आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having obtained, having come under
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
- न (na) - not, no
- रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected, guarded
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class, related to Brahman
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Active
3rd person singular, perfect active, Parasmaipada
Root: vac (class 2)
नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O King, O Lord of men
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra
narendra - king, lord of men
Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)
- nara – man, person
noun (masculine) - indra – chief, lord, Indra (deity)
noun (masculine)
सा (sā) - she, that (female)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, he, it
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
विपिने (vipine) - in the forest, in the wilderness
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vipina
vipina - forest, grove, wilderness
भक्षिता (bhakṣitā) - eaten, devoured
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of bhakṣita
bhakṣita - eaten, devoured
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √bhakṣ (to eat) + kta suffix
Root: bhakṣ (class 1)
Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'sā'.
श्वनापदैः (śvanāpadaiḥ) - by wild animals
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvanāpada
śvanāpada - wild animal, beast of prey (lit. 'dog-footed')
Compound type : bahuvrihi (śvan+āpada)
- śvan – dog
noun (masculine) - āpada – having feet (from pāda)
adjective
Note: Agent in passive construction.
यदि (yadi) - if
(indeclinable)
अलम् (alam) - enough, sufficient, in vain, what's the use
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with instrumental case (tayā) to mean "enough of her" or "what's the use of her."
तया (tayā) - by her, with her, of her
(pronoun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, he, it
Note: Paired with 'alam'.
किम् (kim) - why, what
(indeclinable)
अन्यस्याः (anyasyāḥ) - of another (woman), of a different (woman)
(pronoun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Feminine form.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
पाणिः (pāṇiḥ) - hand
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇi
pāṇi - hand
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'gṛhyate'.
गृह्यते (gṛhyate) - is taken, is seized, is grasped
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of grah
Present Passive
3rd person singular, present passive, Ātmanepada
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Refers to the act of marriage.
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (singular, plural)
Note: Agent in passive construction.
क्रोधस्य (krodhasya) - of anger
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of krodha
krodha - anger, wrath
वशम् (vaśam) - sway, control, power
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa
vaśa - will, power, control, sway
Note: Object of 'āgamya'.
आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having obtained, having come under
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from √gam (to go) with prefix ā- and -ya suffix
Prefix: ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: An absolutive, indicating a prior action.
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'rakṣitaḥ'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected, guarded
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣita
rakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √rakṣ (to protect) + kta suffix
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'dharmaḥ'.
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (singular, plural)
Note: Agent in passive construction.