महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-8, verse-9

तथा च रथिनं क्रुद्धं विकिरन्तं शरान्बहून् ।
नागा जघ्नुर्महाराज परिवार्य समन्ततः ॥९॥

9. tathā ca rathinaṁ kruddhaṁ vikirantaṁ śarānbahūn ,
nāgā jaghnurmahārāja parivārya samantataḥ.

9. tathā ca rathinam kruddham vikirantam śarān
bahūn nāgāḥ jaghnuḥ mahārāja parivārya samantataḥ

9. mahārāja tathā ca nāgāḥ samantataḥ parivārya
kruddham bahūn śarān vikirantam rathinam jaghnuḥ

9. And similarly, O great king, the elephants, having surrounded him from all sides, struck down the enraged charioteer who was scattering many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• रथिनम् (rathinam) - the charioteer (charioteer, warrior in a chariot)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• विकिरन्तम् (vikirantam) - scattering (scattering, spreading, throwing about)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows (arrows, reeds)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (many, much, numerous)

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - the elephants (elephants, serpents)

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they struck down (they struck, they killed)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded (having surrounded, having covered)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, all around, completely)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

रथिनम् (rathinam) - the charioteer (charioteer, warrior in a chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, provoked

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

विकिरन्तम् (vikirantam) - scattering (scattering, spreading, throwing about)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikirant

vikirant - scattering, spreading, throwing around, dispersing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root kṛ (to scatter) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 6)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows (arrows, reeds)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, water

बहून् (bahūn) - many (many, much, numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - the elephants (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, a tribal people, a mythological being

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they struck down (they struck, they killed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of han

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person plural of root han.

Root: han (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded (having surrounded, having covered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root vṛ (to cover) with upasarga pari- and suffix -tvā (irregularly -ya when preceded by upasarga).

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 9)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, all around, completely)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'samanta' (all around) with suffix -tas.