महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-8, verse-41

माद्रीपुत्रौ सरभसौ कृतास्त्रौ युद्धदुर्मदौ ।
अभ्ययातां त्वरायुक्तौ जिगीषन्तौ बलं तव ॥४१॥

41. mādrīputrau sarabhasau kṛtāstrau yuddhadurmadau ,
abhyayātāṁ tvarāyuktau jigīṣantau balaṁ tava.

41. mādrīputrau sarabhasau kṛtāstrau yuddhadurmadau
abhyayātām tvarāyuktau jigīṣantau balam tava

41. mādrīputrau sarabhasau kṛtāstrau yuddhadurmadau
tvarāyuktau jigīṣantau tava balam abhyayātām

41. The two sons of Mādrī, swift and impetuous, skilled in warfare, and mad with battle-fury, advanced quickly, desiring to conquer your forces.

Words meanings summery:

• माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - the two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)

• सरभसौ (sarabhasau) - swift and impetuous (impetuous, swift, furious)

• कृतास्त्रौ (kṛtāstrau) - skilled in warfare (having accomplished weapons, skilled in weapons, expert in archery)

• युद्धदुर्मदौ (yuddhadurmadau) - mad with battle-fury (mad with battle, furious in war, intoxicated by battle)

• अभ्ययाताम् (abhyayātām) - they advanced (they both went towards, they both approached)

• त्वरायुक्तौ (tvarāyuktau) - quickly (joined with haste, swift, quick, eager)

• जिगीषन्तौ (jigīṣantau) - desiring to conquer (wishing to conquer, desirous of victory)

• बलम् (balam) - forces (strength, power, army, forces)

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

Words meanings and morphology

माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - the two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mādrīputra

mādrīputra - son of Mādrī

Compound: Mādrī (proper noun) + putra (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Mādrī (mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhyayātām'.

सरभसौ (sarabhasau) - swift and impetuous (impetuous, swift, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sarabhasa

sarabhasa - impetuous, swift, furious, energetic

Compound: sa- (with) + rabhasa (impetuosity, vehemence).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+rabhasa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• rabhasa – impetuosity, vehemence, speed, force
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'mādrīputrau'.

कृतास्त्रौ (kṛtāstrau) - skilled in warfare (having accomplished weapons, skilled in weapons, expert in archery)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - skilled in weapons, accomplished in archery

Compound: kṛta (done/mastered) + astra (weapon).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – done, made, performed, accomplished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do/make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile, arrow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'mādrīputrau'.

युद्धदुर्मदौ (yuddhadurmadau) - mad with battle-fury (mad with battle, furious in war, intoxicated by battle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - mad with battle, furious in war

Compound: yuddha (battle) + durmada (intoxicated, furious).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yudh' (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – intoxicated, arrogant, furious
  adjective
  Prefix: dur

Note: Qualifies 'mādrīputrau'.

अभ्ययाताम् (abhyayātām) - they advanced (they both went towards, they both approached)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect Active

Root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'abhi' (towards). Third person dual active imperfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The 'a' in 'ayātām' is from the augment of the imperfect.

त्वरायुक्तौ (tvarāyuktau) - quickly (joined with haste, swift, quick, eager)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tvarāyukta

tvarāyukta - joined with haste, swift, quick, eager

Compound: tvarā (haste) + yukta (joined, endowed with).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvarā+yukta)

• tvarā – haste, speed, quickness
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tvar (class 1)
• yukta – joined, yoked, endowed with, skilled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'yuj' (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'mādrīputrau'.

जिगीषन्तौ (jigīṣantau) - desiring to conquer (wishing to conquer, desirous of victory)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of jigīṣat

jigīṣat - wishing to conquer, desirous of victory

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative stem of 'ji' (to conquer) + śatṛ suffix for present active participle.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mādrīputrau'.

बलम् (balam) - forces (strength, power, army, forces)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Note: Object of 'jigīṣantau'.

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Genitive singular of the second person pronoun 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.