महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-8, verse-11

पादातानवमृद्नन्तो रथवारणवाजिनः ।
रणमध्ये व्यदृश्यन्त कुर्वन्तो महदाकुलम् ॥११॥

11. pādātānavamṛdnanto rathavāraṇavājinaḥ ,
raṇamadhye vyadṛśyanta kurvanto mahadākulam.

11. pādātān avamṛdnantaḥ ratha-vāraṇa-vājinaḥ
raṇamadhye vyadṛśyanta kurvantaḥ mahat ākulam

11. ratha-vāraṇa-vājinaḥ pādātān avamṛdnantaḥ
raṇamadhye mahat ākulam kurvantaḥ vyadṛśyanta

11. Chariots, elephants, and horses, trampling the foot soldiers, were seen in the midst of battle, causing great confusion.

Words meanings summery:

• पादातान् (pādātān) - the foot soldiers (foot soldiers, infantry)

• अवमृद्नन्तः (avamṛdnantaḥ) - trampling (trampling, crushing, oppressing)

• रथ-वारण-वाजिनः (ratha-vāraṇa-vājinaḥ) - chariots, elephants, and horses

• रणमध्ये (raṇamadhye) - in the midst of battle (in the middle of battle)

• व्यदृश्यन्त (vyadṛśyanta) - they were seen (they were seen, appeared)

• कुर्वन्तः (kurvantaḥ) - causing (making, doing, causing)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• आकुलम् (ākulam) - confusion (confusion, disorder, agitated)

Words meanings and morphology

पादातान् (pādātān) - the foot soldiers (foot soldiers, infantry)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pādāta

pādāta - foot soldier, infantryman, pedestrian

अवमृद्नन्तः (avamṛdnantaḥ) - trampling (trampling, crushing, oppressing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avamṛdnat

avamṛdnat - trampling, crushing, oppressing, destroying

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root mṛd (to crush) with upasarga ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: mṛd (class 9)

रथ-वारण-वाजिनः (ratha-vāraṇa-vājinaḥ) - chariots, elephants, and horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha-vāraṇa-vājin

ratha-vāraṇa-vājin - chariots, elephants, and horses (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (ratha+vāraṇa+vājin)

• ratha – chariot, car, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• vāraṇa – elephant, repelling
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• vājin – horse, winged, strong
  noun (masculine)

रणमध्ये (raṇamadhye) - in the midst of battle (in the middle of battle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of raṇamadhya

raṇamadhya - middle of battle, battlefield

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+madhya)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)

व्यदृश्यन्त (vyadṛśyanta) - they were seen (they were seen, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect (luṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect Passive

Imperfect 3rd person plural passive of root dṛś with upasargas vi- and a- (for the augment).

Prefixes: vi+a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुर्वन्तः (kurvantaḥ) - causing (making, doing, causing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurvat

kurvat - making, doing, performing, causing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

आकुलम् (ākulam) - confusion (confusion, disorder, agitated)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākula

ākula - confused, agitated, disordered, crowded

Prefix: ā

Root: kul (class 1)