महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-8, verse-35

अक्रोशन्बान्धवानन्ये तत्र तत्र परंतप ।
क्रोशद्भिर्बान्धवैश्चान्ये भयार्ता न निवर्तिरे ॥३५॥

35. akrośanbāndhavānanye tatra tatra paraṁtapa ,
krośadbhirbāndhavaiścānye bhayārtā na nivartire.

35. akrośan bāndhavān anye tatra tatra paraṁtapa
krośadbhiḥ bāndhavaiḥ ca anye bhayārtā na nivartire

35. paraṁtapa,
anye tatra tatra bāndhavān akrośan; ca krośadbhiḥ bāndhavaiḥ bhayārtā anye na nivartire

35. O tormentor of foes, some cried out for their kinsmen here and there; and others, terrified by the wailing of their relatives, did not retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• अक्रोशन् (akrośan) - they cried out, they called out, they lamented

• बान्धवान् (bāndhavān) - relatives, kinsmen

• अन्ये (anye) - others, some

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common epithet for kings/warriors) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

• क्रोशद्भिः (krośadbhiḥ) - by those crying out, by the wailing ones

• बान्धवैः (bāndhavaiḥ) - by relatives, by kinsmen

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्ये (anye) - others, some

• भयार्ता (bhayārtā) - distressed by fear, terrified, frightened

• न (na) - not, no

• निवर्तिरे (nivartire) - they did not turn back, they did not retreat

Words meanings and morphology

अक्रोशन् (akrośan) - they cried out, they called out, they lamented

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kruś

Imperfect tense

3rd person plural, active voice, imperfect tense.

Root: kruś (class 1)

बान्धवान् (bāndhavān) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - kinsman, relative, friend

अन्ये (anye) - others, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition of 'tatra tatra' signifies 'here and there'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common epithet for kings/warriors) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṁtapa

paraṁtapa - tormenting foes, subduing enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – tormenting, heating, asceticism
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  Derived from root 'tap' (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

क्रोशद्भिः (krośadbhiḥ) - by those crying out, by the wailing ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of krośat

krośat - crying out, wailing, lamenting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'kruś' (to cry out) with '-at' suffix.

Root: kruś (class 1)

बान्धवैः (bāndhavaiḥ) - by relatives, by kinsmen

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - kinsman, relative, friend

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

भयार्ता (bhayārtā) - distressed by fear, terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayārta

bhayārta - afflicted by fear, terrified

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+ārta)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'ṛ' (to go) or 'ṛcch' (to go, reach).
  Root: ṛ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निवर्तिरे (nivartire) - they did not turn back, they did not retreat

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of nivṛt

Perfect tense

3rd person plural, middle voice, perfect tense.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)