महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-8, verse-39

श्रुत्वैव तु महाशब्दं धृष्टद्युम्नशिखण्डिनौ ।
धर्मराजं पुरस्कृत्य मद्रराजमभिद्रुतौ ॥३९॥

39. śrutvaiva tu mahāśabdaṁ dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinau ,
dharmarājaṁ puraskṛtya madrarājamabhidrutau.

39. śrutvā eva tu mahāśabdam dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinau
| dharmarājam puraskṛtya madrarājam abhidrutau

39. tu mahāśabdam śrutvā eva,
dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinau dharmarājam puraskṛtya madrarājam abhidrutau.

39. Upon hearing that great sound, Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍī, placing the King of dharma (dharmarāja) at the forefront, rushed towards the King of Madra.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard, upon hearing)

• एव (eva) - just, immediately (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, moreover, then)

• महाशब्दम् (mahāśabdam) - that great sound (great sound, loud noise)

• धृष्टद्युम्नशिखण्डिनौ (dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinau) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍī

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - the King of dharma (dharmarāja) (the king of righteousness, Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmarāja))

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - placing at the forefront (having placed in front, having honored, having preceded)

• मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the king of Madra

• अभिद्रुतौ (abhidrutau) - rushed towards (they rushed towards, they ran at)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard, upon hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √śru (to hear) + suffix ktvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

एव (eva) - just, immediately (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, moreover, then)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

महाशब्दम् (mahāśabdam) - that great sound (great sound, loud noise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāśabda

mahāśabda - great sound, loud noise

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+śabda)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• śabda – sound, word, noise
  noun (masculine)

धृष्टद्युम्नशिखण्डिनौ (dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinau) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍin

dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍin - Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍī

Dvandva compound of two proper nouns.

Compound type : dvandva (dhṛṣṭadyumna+śikhaṇḍin)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhṛṣṭadyumna (a name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śikhaṇḍin – Śikhaṇḍī (a name), one with a topknot/crest
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subjects of abhidrutau.

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - the King of dharma (dharmarāja) (the king of righteousness, Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmarāja))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira (a name)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  From √rāj (to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of puraskṛtya.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - placing at the forefront (having placed in front, having honored, having preceded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From puras (before) + √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix lyap.

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the king of Madra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madra (a country), Śalya (a name)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja)

• madra – Madra (name of a country/people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  From √rāj (to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of abhidrutau.

अभिद्रुतौ (abhidrutau) - rushed towards (they rushed towards, they ran at)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of abhidruta

abhidruta - rushed towards, advanced upon

Past Active Participle

Formed from abhi + √dru (to run) + kta suffix, used predicatively.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively, referring to dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinau.