महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-6, verse-19

हृष्टाः सुमनसश्चैव बभूवुस्तत्र सैनिकाः ।
मेनिरे निहतान्पार्थान्मद्रराजवशं गतान् ॥१९॥

19. hṛṣṭāḥ sumanasaścaiva babhūvustatra sainikāḥ ,
menire nihatānpārthānmadrarājavaśaṁ gatān.

19. hṛṣṭāḥ sumanasaḥ ca eva babhūvuḥ tatra sainikāḥ
menire nihatān pārthān madrarājavaśam gatān

19. tatra sainikāḥ hṛṣṭāḥ sumanasaḥ ca eva babhūvuḥ
menire pārthān nihatān madrarājavaśam gatān

19. The soldiers there were indeed joyful and cheerful. They considered the Pāṇḍavas as good as slain, having come under the sway of the King of Madras (Madrarāja).

Words meanings summery:

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

• सुमनसः (sumanasaḥ) - cheerful, glad-minded, well-disposed

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that situation

• सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers, troops

• मेनिरे (menire) - they thought, they considered, they felt

• निहतान् (nihatān) - slain, killed

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the sons of Pritha, the Pandavas

• मद्रराजवशम् (madrarājavaśam) - under the sway of the King of Madras

• गतान् (gatān) - gone, fallen, reached

Words meanings and morphology

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, thrilled

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice).

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sainikāḥ.

सुमनसः (sumanasaḥ) - cheerful, glad-minded, well-disposed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sumanas

sumanas - cheerful, good-minded, well-disposed; flower

Compound: su (good) + manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+manas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, spirit, intelligence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with sainikāḥ.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

perfect tense

3rd person plural perfect tense (liṭ) active voice of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that situation

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable adverb derived from the pronoun tad.

सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers, troops

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, military man

Derived from senā (army).

मेनिरे (menire) - they thought, they considered, they felt

(verb)

plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of man

perfect tense

3rd person plural perfect tense (liṭ) middle voice of √man.

Root: man (class 4)

निहतान् (nihatān) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to pārthān, object of menire.

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the sons of Pritha, the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma

Derived from Pṛthā (another name for Kuntī).

Note: Object of menire.

मद्रराजवशम् (madrarājavaśam) - under the sway of the King of Madras

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarājavaśa

madrarājavaśa - sway/control of the King of Madra

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (madrarāja+vaśa)

• madrarāja – King of Madra (Śalya)
  compound (masculine)
• vaśa – sway, control, power
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate 'under the control of'.

गतान् (gatān) - gone, fallen, reached

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, moved, reached, obtained

past passive participle

Past passive participle of √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pārthān; part of the predicate 'considered as fallen'.