महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-6, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचो राज्ञो मद्रराजः प्रतापवान् ।
दुर्योधनं तदा राजन्वाक्यमेतदुवाच ह ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
etacchrutvā vaco rājño madrarājaḥ pratāpavān ,
duryodhanaṁ tadā rājanvākyametaduvāca ha.

1. saṃjaya uvāca etat śrutvā vacaḥ rājñaḥ madrarājaḥ
pratāpavān duryodhanaṃ tadā rājan vākyam etat uvāca ha

1. saṃjaya uvāca rājan,
tadā pratāpavān madrarājaḥ rājñaḥ etat vacaḥ śrutvā,
duryodhanaṃ etat vākyam uvāca ha.

1. Sanjaya said: O King, having heard these words of the king, the powerful king of Madra then spoke this statement to Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - this, these

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - King Śalya, the powerful ruler of the Madra kingdom (the king of Madra (Śalya))

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, valorous

• दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṁ) - to Duryodhana

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राजन् (rājan) - Sanjaya addresses Dhritarashtra (O king)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, speech

• एतत् (etat) - this

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of a character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, statement

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - King Śalya, the powerful ruler of the Madra kingdom (the king of Madra (Śalya))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan)

• madra – Madra (a country/people in ancient India)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, valorous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, possessing valor

From pratāpa + -vat (possessive suffix)

दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṁ) - to Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - Sanjaya addresses Dhritarashtra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, statement, sentence

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)