महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-55, verse-37
नैव दुर्योधनः क्षुद्र केनचित्त्वद्विधेन वै ।
शक्यस्त्रासयितुं वाचा यथान्यः प्राकृतो नरः ॥३७॥
शक्यस्त्रासयितुं वाचा यथान्यः प्राकृतो नरः ॥३७॥
37. naiva duryodhanaḥ kṣudra kenacittvadvidhena vai ,
śakyastrāsayituṁ vācā yathānyaḥ prākṛto naraḥ.
śakyastrāsayituṁ vācā yathānyaḥ prākṛto naraḥ.
37.
na eva duryodhanaḥ kṣudra kena cit tvadvidhena vai
śakyaḥ trāsayitum vācā yathā anyaḥ prākṛtaḥ naraḥ
śakyaḥ trāsayitum vācā yathā anyaḥ prākṛtaḥ naraḥ
37.
kṣudra duryodhanaḥ tvadvidhena kenacit vācā vai na
eva śakyaḥ trāsayitum yathā anyaḥ prākṛtaḥ naraḥ
eva śakyaḥ trāsayitum yathā anyaḥ prākṛtaḥ naraḥ
37.
O wretched one, Duryodhana is certainly not one who can be frightened by words by anyone like you, like any other common man.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- एव (eva) - only, indeed, certainly
- दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)
- क्षुद्र (kṣudra) - O wretch! (small, mean, wicked, wretch)
- केन (kena) - by whom, by what
- चित् (cit) - a particle used to form indefinite pronouns (e.g., someone, something)
- त्वद्विधेन (tvadvidhena) - by one like you
- वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)
- शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able (to be frightened) (capable, possible, able)
- त्रासयितुम् (trāsayitum) - to frighten, to terrify
- वाचा (vācā) - by speech, by words
- यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other
- प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - natural, common, vulgar, ordinary
- नरः (naraḥ) - man, person
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, certainly
(indeclinable)
दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana
duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, lit. 'hard to conquer')
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)
- dur – bad, difficult, hard
indeclinable - yodhana – fighting, warrior
noun (masculine)
Root: yudh (class 4)
क्षुद्र (kṣudra) - O wretch! (small, mean, wicked, wretch)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣudra
kṣudra - small, mean, vile, wicked, low, wretch
Note: Used substantively as an address.
केन (kena) - by whom, by what
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what
चित् (cit) - a particle used to form indefinite pronouns (e.g., someone, something)
(indeclinable)
Note: Combined with 'kena' to form 'kenacit' - by anyone.
त्वद्विधेन (tvadvidhena) - by one like you
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tvadvidha
tvadvidha - like you, of your kind
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvat+vidha)
- tvat – from you (ablative of yuṣmad)
pronoun - vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'kena'.
वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)
(indeclinable)
शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able (to be frightened) (capable, possible, able)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya
śakya - possible, capable, practicable, fit
Gerundive
Derived from root śak- 'to be able'.
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Implies 'can be' or 'is able to be'.
त्रासयितुम् (trāsayitum) - to frighten, to terrify
(indeclinable)
Infinitive (causative)
Infinitive form of the causative of root trai (trā-).
Root: trai (class 1)
Note: Used with 'śakyaḥ' to mean 'able to frighten'.
वाचा (vācā) - by speech, by words
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc
vāc - speech, word, voice
यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another
प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - natural, common, vulgar, ordinary
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prākṛta
prākṛta - natural, common, ordinary, vulgar, unrefined
Derived from prakṛti.
नरः (naraḥ) - man, person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person, human being