महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-14, verse-8

तत्रापि सुमहद्युद्धं घोररूपं विशां पते ।
प्राणान्संत्यजतां युद्धे प्राणद्यूताभिदेवने ॥८॥

8. tatrāpi sumahadyuddhaṁ ghorarūpaṁ viśāṁ pate ,
prāṇānsaṁtyajatāṁ yuddhe prāṇadyūtābhidevane.

8. tatra api sumahat yuddham ghora rūpam viśām pate
prāṇān saṃtyajatām yuddhe prāṇa dyūta abhidevane

8. viśām pate tatra api yuddhe prāṇān saṃtyajatām
prāṇa dyūta abhidevane sumahat yuddham ghora rūpam

8. O lord of the people, even there, a very great battle took place, terrifying in its nature, where lives were abandoned in a game of chance with life itself as the stake.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that specific battle context (there, in that place)

• अपि (api) - even there, emphasizing the context (also, even, too)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - describing the scale of the battle (very great, very large)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - the conflict being described (battle, fight, war)

• घोर (ghora) - describing the terrifying aspect of the battle (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - the nature or characteristic of the battle (form, shape, nature, appearance)

• विशाम् (viśām) - referring to the inhabitants or subjects of a kingdom (of the people, of the subjects)

• पते (pate) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the lord of the people (O lord, O master)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - the lives of the warriors (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• संत्यजताम् (saṁtyajatām) - referring to the warriors who are giving up their lives (of those abandoning, of those giving up)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - the location of the action (in battle, in the fight)

• प्राण (prāṇa) - life as the stake in gambling (life, breath)

• द्यूत (dyūta) - a gamble where life is the stake (gambling, game of chance)

• अभिदेवने (abhidevane) - in the game of gambling with lives (in gambling, in the game)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that specific battle context (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tral' suffix indicating place

अपि (api) - even there, emphasizing the context (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - describing the scale of the battle (very great, very large)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, large, excellent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, vast, noble
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, agreeing with 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - the conflict being described (battle, fight, war)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter, but here likely nominative as subject.

घोर (ghora) - describing the terrifying aspect of the battle (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, awful

Note: Agrees with 'rūpam'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - the nature or characteristic of the battle (form, shape, nature, appearance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, nature, appearance, beauty

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Here likely nominative, describing 'yuddham'.

विशाम् (viśām) - referring to the inhabitants or subjects of a kingdom (of the people, of the subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, inhabitants, subjects, community

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the lord of the people (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Used in combination with 'viśām'.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - the lives of the warriors (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - life, breath, vital air, spirit

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of 'saṃtyajatām'.

संत्यजताम् (saṁtyajatām) - referring to the warriors who are giving up their lives (of those abandoning, of those giving up)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of saṃtyajat

saṁtyajat - abandoning, giving up, forsaking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Genitive plural, agreeing with implied warriors.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - the location of the action (in battle, in the fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

प्राण (prāṇa) - life as the stake in gambling (life, breath)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇa

prāṇa - life, breath, vital air, spirit

Root: an (class 2)

Note: First part of the compound 'prāṇa-dyūta-abhidevana'.

द्यूत (dyūta) - a gamble where life is the stake (gambling, game of chance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, game of dice, a wager

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'div' (to play, to gamble)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Second part of the compound 'prāṇa-dyūta-abhidevana'.

अभिदेवने (abhidevane) - in the game of gambling with lives (in gambling, in the game)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of abhidevana

abhidevana - gambling, game of dice, sport

action noun

Derived from root 'div' (to play) with prefix 'abhi'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+dyūta+abhidevana)

• abhi – towards, over, in front of, with respect to
  indeclinable
• devana – playing, gambling, sport
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root 'div' (to play)
  Root: div (class 4)

Note: Locative singular, describing the setting of the 'sumahat yuddham'.