महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-14, verse-11

शल्यसायकनुन्नानां पाण्डवानां महामृधे ।
त्रातारं नाध्यगच्छन्त केचित्तत्र महारथाः ॥११॥

11. śalyasāyakanunnānāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ mahāmṛdhe ,
trātāraṁ nādhyagacchanta kecittatra mahārathāḥ.

11. śalya sāyaka nunnānām pāṇḍavānām mahāmṛdhe
trātāram na adhyagacchant kecit tatra mahārathāḥ

11. tatra mahāmṛdhe śalya sāyaka nunnānām pāṇḍavānām
kecit mahārathāḥ trātāram na adhyagacchant

11. In that great battle, some great charioteers among the Pāṇḍavas, who were driven back by Śalya's arrows, could not find a savior.

Words meanings summery:

• शल्य (śalya) - King Śalya, the source of the arrows (Śalya (proper noun))

• सायक (sāyaka) - the arrows shot by Śalya (arrow, dart)

• नुन्नानाम् (nunnānām) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas who were afflicted by Śalya's arrows (of those pushed, driven, tormented)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - the Pāṇḍavas, for whom a protector was sought (of the Pāṇḍavas, of the sons of Pāṇḍu)

• महामृधे (mahāmṛdhe) - the specific large-scale battle described (in the great battle, in the great conflict)

• त्रातारम् (trātāram) - someone to defend the Pāṇḍavas (a protector, a savior)

• न (na) - negates the verb 'adhyagacchant' (not, no)

• अध्यगच्छन्त् (adhyagacchant) - the great charioteers failed to find a protector (they found, they obtained, they reached)

• केचित् (kecit) - some of the great charioteers (some, certain ones)

• तत्र (tatra) - referring to the battlefield (there, in that place)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - the high-ranking warriors who were unable to help (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

शल्य (śalya) - King Śalya, the source of the arrows (Śalya (proper noun))

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king); dart, arrow, spear

सायक (sāyaka) - the arrows shot by Śalya (arrow, dart)

(noun)

masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart, missile

From root 'so' (to destroy, to end) + 'ṇaka' suffix

Root: ṣo/sā (class 4)

नुन्नानाम् (nunnānām) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas who were afflicted by Śalya's arrows (of those pushed, driven, tormented)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nunna

nunna - pushed, driven, impelled, tormented, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nud' (to push, impel)

Root: nud (class 6)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - the Pāṇḍavas, for whom a protector was sought (of the Pāṇḍavas, of the sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu with patronymic suffix 'aṇ'

Note: Refers to the larger group, some of whom are 'mahārathāḥ'.

महामृधे (mahāmṛdhe) - the specific large-scale battle described (in the great battle, in the great conflict)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mahāmṛdh

mahāmṛdh - great battle, great combat

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mṛdh)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• mṛdh – battle, combat, fight
  noun (feminine)

त्रातारम् (trātāram) - someone to defend the Pāṇḍavas (a protector, a savior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trātar

trātar - protector, savior, deliverer

agent noun

Derived from root 'trā' (to protect) with 'tṛ' suffix

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'adhyagacchant'.

न (na) - negates the verb 'adhyagacchant' (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अध्यगच्छन्त् (adhyagacchant) - the great charioteers failed to find a protector (they found, they obtained, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of adhigacch

Imperfect tense

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'adhi' + 'ā'

Prefixes: adhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Its subject is 'kecit mahārathāḥ'.

केचित् (kecit) - some of the great charioteers (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, any, certain

From 'kim' (what) + 'cid' (a particle)

Note: Agrees with 'mahārathāḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - referring to the battlefield (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tral' suffix indicating place

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - the high-ranking warriors who were unable to help (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior (one who can fight 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ram' (to delight)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'adhyagacchant'.