महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-14, verse-27

तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम मद्रराजस्य पौरुषम् ।
यदेनं सहिताः पार्था नाभ्यवर्तन्त संयुगे ॥२७॥

27. tatrādbhutamapaśyāma madrarājasya pauruṣam ,
yadenaṁ sahitāḥ pārthā nābhyavartanta saṁyuge.

27. tatra adbhutam apaśyāma madrarājasya pauruṣam
yat enam sahitāḥ pārthāḥ na abhyavartanta saṃyuge

27. tatra madrarājasya adbhutam pauruṣam apaśyāma
yat sahitāḥ pārthāḥ saṃyuge enam na abhyavartanta

27. In that situation, we witnessed the astonishing valor of the King of Madras, in that even the combined sons of Pritha (Pandavas) could not withstand him in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that situation, then

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, astonishing, amazing, marvelous

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld, we observed

• मद्रराजस्य (madrarājasya) - of King Śalya (of the King of Madras)

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, prowess, heroism, manhood

• यत् (yat) - in that, because (that (conjunction), which)

• एनम् (enam) - the King of Madras (him, this one)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - even when united (united, together, accompanied)

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha, Pandavas

• न (na) - not, no

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they could not withstand (they turned towards, they approached, they could withstand)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that situation, then

(indeclinable)

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, astonishing, amazing, marvelous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, marvelous, extraordinary

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld, we observed

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of dṛś

The stem 'paś' is used in present and imperfect tenses.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मद्रराजस्य (madrarājasya) - of King Śalya (of the King of Madras)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madras

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja)

• madra – the country/people of Madras
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, prowess, heroism, manhood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manly strength, valor, prowess, heroism

यत् (yat) - in that, because (that (conjunction), which)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - the King of Madras (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - even when united (united, together, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - united, accompanied by, joined

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sa- (with) + root dhā (to place), or directly from saṃ-hi (to unite).

Prefix: sa

Root: hi

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha, Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Pandava

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they could not withstand (they turned towards, they approached, they could withstand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of vṛt

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, combat, encounter