महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-14, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
दुर्योधनो महाराज धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पार्षतः ।
चक्रतुः सुमहद्युद्धं शरशक्तिसमाकुलम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
duryodhano mahārāja dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca pārṣataḥ ,
cakratuḥ sumahadyuddhaṁ śaraśaktisamākulam.

1. saṃjaya uvāca duryodhanaḥ mahārāja dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca
pārṣataḥ cakratuḥ sumahat yuddham śaraśaktisamākulam

1. saṃjaya uvāca mahārāja duryodhanaḥ ca pārṣataḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ śaraśaktisamākulam sumahat yuddham cakratuḥ

1. Sañjaya said: O great king, Duryodhana and Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Pṛṣata, engaged in a very great battle (yuddha), filled with arrows and spears.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (as son of Drupada, whose father was Pṛṣata) (son of Pṛṣata, descendant of Pṛṣata)

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they both waged (a battle) (they both did, they both made, they both performed)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, extremely large

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• शरशक्तिसमाकुलम् (śaraśaktisamākulam) - filled with arrows and spears/weapons

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and narrator of the Bhagavad Gītā)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (the eldest of the Kaurava princes)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, commander of the Pāṇḍava army)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (as son of Drupada, whose father was Pṛṣata) (son of Pṛṣata, descendant of Pṛṣata)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son/descendant of Pṛṣata

Taddhita affix (aṇ) from Pṛṣata

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they both waged (a battle) (they both did, they both made, they both performed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, extremely large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, excellent, mighty

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yudh' + kta suffix

Root: yudh (class 4)

शरशक्तिसमाकुलम् (śaraśaktisamākulam) - filled with arrows and spears/weapons

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraśaktisamākula

śaraśaktisamākula - filled/agitated with arrows and spears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śara+śakti+samākula)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – spear, dart, weapon
  noun (feminine)
• samākula – full of, agitated by, crowded with
  adjective
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kul (class 1)