महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-14, verse-12

ततस्तु नकुलः शूरो धर्मराजे प्रपीडिते ।
अभिदुद्राव वेगेन मातुलं माद्रिनन्दनः ॥१२॥

12. tatastu nakulaḥ śūro dharmarāje prapīḍite ,
abhidudrāva vegena mātulaṁ mādrinandanaḥ.

12. tataḥ tu nakulaḥ śūraḥ dharmarāje prapīḍite
abhidudrāva vegena mātulam mādrinandanaḥ

12. tataḥ tu dharmarāje prapīḍite śūraḥ
mādrinandanaḥ nakulaḥ vegena mātulam abhidudrāva

12. Then, when King Yudhishthira (dharmarāja) was greatly afflicted, the brave Nakula, son of Madri, swiftly rushed towards his maternal uncle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, consequently (then, thence, after that)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the consequence (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula, one of the Pandavas (Nakula (a proper name))

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave (describing Nakula) (brave, heroic; a hero, warrior)

• धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - when King Yudhishthira (dharmarāja) (on King Yudhishthira, on the king of dharma)

• प्रपीडिते (prapīḍite) - greatly afflicted (referring to Dharmaraja) (greatly oppressed, tormented, afflicted, harassed)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards (Shalya) (rushed towards, attacked)

• वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly (with speed, swiftly, impetuously)

• मातुलम् (mātulam) - his maternal uncle (Shalya) (maternal uncle)

• माद्रिनन्दनः (mādrinandanaḥ) - son of Madri (referring to Nakula) (son of Madri)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, consequently (then, thence, after that)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with suffix 'tas'

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the consequence (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula, one of the Pandavas (Nakula (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (a proper name); mongoose

शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave (describing Nakula) (brave, heroic; a hero, warrior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

Note: Qualifies 'nakulaḥ'.

धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - when King Yudhishthira (dharmarāja) (on King Yudhishthira, on the king of dharma)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of dharma (righteousness, duty); Yudhishthira; Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'prapīḍite'.

प्रपीडिते (prapīḍite) - greatly afflicted (referring to Dharmaraja) (greatly oppressed, tormented, afflicted, harassed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prapīḍita

prapīḍita - greatly oppressed, tormented, afflicted, harassed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pīḍ' (to vex, oppress) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'dharmarāje'.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards (Shalya) (rushed towards, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of abhidru

From root 'dru' (to run) with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly (with speed, swiftly, impetuously)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Used adverbially.

मातुलम् (mātulam) - his maternal uncle (Shalya) (maternal uncle)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātula

mātula - maternal uncle

Note: Object of 'abhidudrāva'.

माद्रिनन्दनः (mādrinandanaḥ) - son of Madri (referring to Nakula) (son of Madri)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādrinandana

mādrinandana - son of Madri

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+nandana)

• mādrī – Madri (wife of Pandu, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• nandana – son, child; delighting
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Nakula.