महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-69, verse-30

सपुत्रं निहतं दृष्ट्वा कर्णं राजा युधिष्ठिरः ।
प्रशशंस नरव्याघ्रावुभौ माधवपाण्डवौ ॥३०॥

30. saputraṁ nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā karṇaṁ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
praśaśaṁsa naravyāghrāvubhau mādhavapāṇḍavau.

30. saputram nihatam dṛṣṭvā karṇam rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
praśaśaṃsa naravyāghrau ubhau mādhavapāṇḍavau

30. rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ saputram nihatam karṇam dṛṣṭvā
ubhau naravyāghrau mādhavapāṇḍavau praśaśaṃsa

30. Having seen Karna slain along with his son, King Yudhiṣṭhira praised those two tigers among men (naravyāghra), Krishna (Mādhava) and Arjuna (Pāṇḍava).

Words meanings summery:

• सपुत्रम् (saputram) - with son, along with his son

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna (proper name)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• प्रशशंस (praśaśaṁsa) - praised, extolled

• नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - two tigers among men, two excellent men

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• माधवपाण्डवौ (mādhavapāṇḍavau) - Madhava (Krishna) and Pandava (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

सपुत्रम् (saputram) - with son, along with his son

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - with son, accompanied by son

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'having a son'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies karṇam.

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root han (to strike/kill) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies karṇam.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates action preceding praśaśaṃsa.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas, steady in battle)

Compound meaning "steady in battle".

Note: In apposition to rājā.

प्रशशंस (praśaśaṁsa) - praised, extolled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of praśaṃs

Perfect Active

Perfect third person singular active form of the root śaṃs with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - two tigers among men, two excellent men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, chief of men

Compound using vyāghra (tiger) metaphorically for excellence.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of praśaśaṃsa.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Modifies naravyāghrau.

माधवपाण्डवौ (mādhavapāṇḍavau) - Madhava (Krishna) and Pandava (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of mādhavapāṇḍava

mādhavapāṇḍava - Madhava and Pandava

Compound type : itaretarayoga dvandva (mādhava+pāṇḍava)

• mādhava – Krishna (a name for Krishna, descendant of Madhu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna
  proper noun (masculine)
  Refers to Arjuna as a son of Pāṇḍu.

Note: In apposition to naravyāghrau ubhau.