महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-69, verse-29

स ददर्श रणे कर्णं शयानं पुरुषर्षभम् ।
गाण्डीवमुक्तैर्विशिखैः सर्वतः शकलीकृतम् ॥२९॥

29. sa dadarśa raṇe karṇaṁ śayānaṁ puruṣarṣabham ,
gāṇḍīvamuktairviśikhaiḥ sarvataḥ śakalīkṛtam.

29. saḥ dadarśa raṇe karṇam śayānam puruṣarṣabham
gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ viśikhaiḥ sarvataḥ śakalīkṛtam

29. saḥ raṇe puruṣarṣabham śayānam gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ
viśikhaiḥ sarvataḥ śakalīkṛtam karṇam dadarśa

29. On the battlefield, he saw Karna, the best among men (puruṣarṣabha), lying shattered from all sides by arrows released from the Gaṇḍīva (bow).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle, on the battlefield

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna (proper name)

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying, sleeping, resting

• पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - best among men, chief of men

• गाण्डीवमुक्तैः (gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ) - released from the Gaṇḍīva (bow), shot from Gaṇḍīva

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

• शकलीकृतम् (śakalīkṛtam) - shattered, torn into pieces, fragmented

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the implied subject of the previous verse, likely Sanjaya.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Perfect third person singular active form of the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

Note: Object of dadarśa.

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying, sleeping, resting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying down, resting, sleeping

Present Middle Participle

Present participle of root śī (to lie down), middle voice.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Modifies karṇam.

पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - best among men, chief of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best of men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to karṇam.

गाण्डीवमुक्तैः (gāṇḍīvamuktaiḥ) - released from the Gaṇḍīva (bow), shot from Gaṇḍīva

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gāṇḍīvamukta

gāṇḍīvamukta - released from the Gaṇḍīva, shot from Gaṇḍīva

Compound type : pañcamī tatpuruṣa (gāṇḍīva+mukta)

• gāṇḍīva – Gaṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
  proper noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, discharged, freed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root muc (to release).
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies viśikhaiḥ.

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow (lit. without a topknot/hair, or without a branch/feather)

Note: Instrument of śakalīkṛtam.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -tas from sarva.

शकलीकृतम् (śakalīkṛtam) - shattered, torn into pieces, fragmented

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakalīkṛta

śakalīkṛta - made into pieces, shattered, fragmented

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed with śakalī (stem of śakala 'piece') and kṛta (past passive participle of kṛ 'to do/make').

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Accusative singular masculine agreeing with karṇam, describing Karna's state.