महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-21, verse-15

अथ विस्फार्य गाण्डीवं रणे नृत्यन्निवार्जुनः ।
शरसंबाधमकरोत्खं दिशः प्रदिशस्तथा ॥१५॥

15. atha visphārya gāṇḍīvaṁ raṇe nṛtyannivārjunaḥ ,
śarasaṁbādhamakarotkhaṁ diśaḥ pradiśastathā.

15. atha visphārya gāṇḍīvam raṇe nṛtyan iva arjunaḥ
śarasaṃbādham akarot kham diśaḥ pradiśaḥ tathā

15. atha arjunaḥ raṇe nṛtyan iva gāṇḍīvam visphārya
kham diśaḥ tathā pradiśaḥ śarasaṃbādham akarot

15. Then Arjuna, as if dancing in battle, drew his Gaṇḍīva (bow) and filled the sky, all cardinal directions, and intermediate directions with a dense shower of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched, having drawn, having spread out

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the Gaṇḍīva (bow)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

• नृत्यन् (nṛtyan) - dancing, moving about

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• शरसंबाधम् (śarasaṁbādham) - crowded or obstructed by arrows

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did

• खम् (kham) - sky, space, ether

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (cardinal)

• प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched, having drawn, having spread out

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'sphṛ' (to burst, expand) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: sphṛ (class 6)

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the Gaṇḍīva (bow)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gaṇḍīva (name of Arjuna's bow)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

नृत्यन् (nṛtyan) - dancing, moving about

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛtyat

nṛtyat - dancing

Present Active Participle

From root 'nṛt' (to dance)

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Modifies Arjunaḥ

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a Pandava prince, son of Pāṇḍu and Kuntī)

शरसंबाधम् (śarasaṁbādham) - crowded or obstructed by arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarasaṃbādha

śarasaṁbādha - filled with arrows, an obstruction of arrows, a shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+saṃbādha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• saṃbādha – crowding, obstruction, narrowness, distress
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'sam' + root 'badh' (to oppress, bind)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Modifies kham, diśaḥ, pradiśaḥ

अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Tense

3rd singular active imperfect of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

खम् (kham) - sky, space, ether

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, space, ether, air

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (cardinal)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of compass

प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of pradiś

pradiś - intermediate direction (e.g., northeast, southeast)

From prefix 'pra' and root 'diś' (to point, indicate)

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner/conjunction