महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-21, verse-20

नवमं च समासाद्य व्यसृजत्प्रतिघातिनम् ।
दुर्योधनायेषुवरं तं द्रौणिः सप्तधाच्छिनत् ॥२०॥

20. navamaṁ ca samāsādya vyasṛjatpratighātinam ,
duryodhanāyeṣuvaraṁ taṁ drauṇiḥ saptadhācchinat.

20. navamam ca samāsādya vyasṛjat pratighātinam
duryodhanāya iṣuvaram tam drauṇiḥ saptadhā acchinat

20. And having taken up a ninth excellent counter-attacking arrow (iṣuvara), he discharged it towards Duryodhana, but Droṇa's son (Drauṇi) cut that very arrow into seven pieces.

Words meanings summery:

• नवमम् (navamam) - ninth

• च (ca) - and, also

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having obtained, having reached, having taken up

• व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - he discharged, he released, he shot

• प्रतिघातिनम् (pratighātinam) - counteracting, striking back, retaliatory

• दुर्योधनाय (duryodhanāya) - for Duryodhana, towards Duryodhana

• इषुवरम् (iṣuvaram) - excellent arrow, best arrow

• तम् (tam) - that arrow (that, him)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

• सप्तधा (saptadhā) - in seven ways, into seven parts

• अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - he cut, he broke

Words meanings and morphology

नवमम् (navamam) - ninth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of navama

navama - ninth

Ordinal numeral from navan (nine).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having obtained, having reached, having taken up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root sad with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

व्यसृजत् (vyasṛjat) - he discharged, he released, he shot

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyasṛj

Imperfect 3rd singular active, from root sṛj with prefixes vi and ā.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: sṛj (class 6)

प्रतिघातिनम् (pratighātinam) - counteracting, striking back, retaliatory

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratighātin

pratighātin - striking back, counteracting, retaliatory, destructive

Agent noun/Adjective from root han with prefix prati

From root han 'to strike' with prefix prati, forming an agent noun or adjective.

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

दुर्योधनाय (duryodhanāya) - for Duryodhana, towards Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana, a difficult to conquer one

इषुवरम् (iṣuvaram) - excellent arrow, best arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of iṣuvara

iṣuvara - excellent arrow, best arrow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (iṣu+vara)

• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, best, finest
  adjective (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that arrow (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman

Patronymic from Droṇa.

सप्तधा (saptadhā) - in seven ways, into seven parts

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dhā meaning 'in X parts/ways'.

अच्छिनत् (acchinat) - he cut, he broke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of chid

Imperfect 3rd singular active, from root chid.

Root: chid (class 7)