महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-21, verse-14

जलदनिनदनिस्वनं रथं पवनविधूतपताककेतनम् ।
सितहयमुपयान्तमन्तिकं हृतमनसो ददृशुस्तदारयः ॥१४॥

14. jaladaninadanisvanaṁ rathaṁ; pavanavidhūtapatākaketanam ,
sitahayamupayāntamantikaṁ; hṛtamanaso dadṛśustadārayaḥ.

14. jaladaninadanisvanam ratham pavanavidhūtapātākaketanam
sitahayam upayāntam antikam hṛtamanasaḥ dadṛśuḥ tadā arayaḥ

14. arayaḥ hṛtamanasaḥ tadā dadṛśuḥ ratham upayāntam antikam
jaladaninadanisvanam pavanavidhūtapātākaketanam sitahayam

14. Then, the enemies, their minds captivated, saw the chariot approaching close by. Its sound was like a thunderclap, its flags and banners waved by the wind, and it was drawn by white horses.

Words meanings summery:

• जलदनिनदनिस्वनम् (jaladaninadanisvanam) - having a sound like the roar of clouds

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot, car

• पवनविधूतपाताककेतनम् (pavanavidhūtapātākaketanam) - whose flags and banners were waved by the wind

• सितहयम् (sitahayam) - having white horses

• उपयान्तम् (upayāntam) - approaching, coming near

• अन्तिकम् (antikam) - near, close by

• हृतमनसः (hṛtamanasaḥ) - whose minds were stolen/captivated

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अरयः (arayaḥ) - enemies, adversaries

Words meanings and morphology

जलदनिनदनिस्वनम् (jaladaninadanisvanam) - having a sound like the roar of clouds

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaladaninadanisvana

jaladaninadanisvana - having the sound of thunder; roaring like a cloud

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jalada+ninada+nisvana)

• jalada – cloud (lit. 'water-giver')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'jala' (water) and 'da' (giver, from root 'dā' to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• ninada – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'ni' and root 'nad' (to roar, sound)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: nad (class 1)
• nisvana – sound, roar, noise
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'ni' and root 'svan' (to sound)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Modifies ratham

रथम् (ratham) - chariot, car

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

पवनविधूतपाताककेतनम् (pavanavidhūtapātākaketanam) - whose flags and banners were waved by the wind

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pavanavidhūtapātākaketana

pavanavidhūtapātākaketana - having flags and banners shaken by the wind

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pavana+vidhūta+patākā+ketana)

• pavana – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pū' (to purify) + 'ana' suffix
  Root: pū (class 9)
• vidhūta – shaken, waved, agitated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhū' (to shake) with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhū (class 5)
• patākā – flag, banner
  noun (feminine)
• ketana – banner, flag, sign
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies ratham

सितहयम् (sitahayam) - having white horses

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sitahaya

sitahaya - white-horsed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sita+haya)

• sita – white, bright
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śvit' (to be white)
  Root: śvit
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hi' (to go)
  Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Modifies ratham

उपयान्तम् (upayāntam) - approaching, coming near

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upayānt

upayānt - approaching, coming

Present Active Participle

From root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies ratham

अन्तिकम् (antikam) - near, close by

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antika

antika - near, proximate

Note: Can also function as an adverb.

हृतमनसः (hṛtamanasaḥ) - whose minds were stolen/captivated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛtamanas

hṛtamanas - having the mind stolen or captivated

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛta+manas)

• hṛta – stolen, taken away, captivated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'hṛ' (to seize, carry off)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies arayaḥ

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd plural active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time

अरयः (arayaḥ) - enemies, adversaries

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe, adversary