महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-21, verse-3
शरपरशुवरासिपट्टिशैरिषुभिरनेकविधैश्च सादिताः ।
द्विरदरथहया महाहवे वरपुरुषैः पुरुषाश्च वाहनैः ॥३॥
द्विरदरथहया महाहवे वरपुरुषैः पुरुषाश्च वाहनैः ॥३॥
3. śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśai;riṣubhiranekavidhaiśca sāditāḥ ,
dviradarathahayā mahāhave; varapuruṣaiḥ puruṣāśca vāhanaiḥ.
dviradarathahayā mahāhave; varapuruṣaiḥ puruṣāśca vāhanaiḥ.
3.
śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśaiḥ iṣubhiḥ anekavidhaiḥ ca sāditāḥ
dviradarathahayāḥ mahāhave varapuruṣaiḥ puruṣāḥ ca vāhanaiḥ
dviradarathahayāḥ mahāhave varapuruṣaiḥ puruṣāḥ ca vāhanaiḥ
3.
mahāhave śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśaiḥ anekavidhaiḥ ca iṣubhiḥ
dviradarathahayāḥ varapuruṣaiḥ puruṣāḥ ca vāhanaiḥ sāditāḥ
dviradarathahayāḥ varapuruṣaiḥ puruṣāḥ ca vāhanaiḥ sāditāḥ
3.
In that great battle, elephants, chariots, and horses were struck down by excellent warriors, and men (puruṣa) were also struck down by mounts, all by means of arrows, axes, excellent swords, pattiśas, and various other kinds of arrows.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शरपरशुवरासिपट्टिशैः (śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśaiḥ) - by arrows, axes, excellent swords, and pattiśas (a kind of spear/dagger)
- इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows
- अनेकविधैः (anekavidhaiḥ) - by various kinds, manifold
- च (ca) - and, also
- सादिताः (sāditāḥ) - struck down, destroyed, felled
- द्विरदरथहयाः (dviradarathahayāḥ) - elephants, chariots, and horses
- महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle
- वरपुरुषैः (varapuruṣaiḥ) - by excellent men, by excellent warriors
- पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, warriors
- च (ca) - and, also
- वाहनैः (vāhanaiḥ) - by mounts, by vehicles
Words meanings and morphology
शरपरशुवरासिपट्टिशैः (śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśaiḥ) - by arrows, axes, excellent swords, and pattiśas (a kind of spear/dagger)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśa
śaraparaśuvarāsipaṭṭiśa - arrow, axe, excellent sword, and pattiśa (a type of weapon)
Compound type : dvandva (śara+paraśu+vara-asi+paṭṭiśa)
- śara – arrow
noun (masculine) - paraśu – axe
noun (masculine) - vara-asi – excellent sword
noun (masculine) - paṭṭiśa – a kind of spear or sharp-edged weapon
noun (masculine)
इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - by arrows
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu
iṣu - arrow, dart
अनेकविधैः (anekavidhaiḥ) - by various kinds, manifold
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of anekavidha
anekavidha - of various kinds, diverse, manifold
Compound type : tatpurusha (an+eka+vidha)
- an – not, un-
indeclinable - eka – one, single
numeral - vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with iṣubhiḥ.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
सादिताः (sāditāḥ) - struck down, destroyed, felled
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sādita
sādita - struck down, killed, destroyed
Past Passive Participle
Causative participle from root √sad (to sit, perish), meaning 'caused to sit/perish', hence 'struck down'.
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Agrees with dviradarathahayāḥ and puruṣāḥ.
द्विरदरथहयाः (dviradarathahayāḥ) - elephants, chariots, and horses
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dviradarathahaya
dviradarathahaya - elephants, chariots, and horses (as combined forces)
Compound type : dvandva (dvirada+ratha+haya)
- dvirada – elephant
noun (masculine) - ratha – chariot
noun (masculine) - haya – horse
noun (masculine)
महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava
mahāhava - great battle, great combat
Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+hava)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - hava – battle, combat, sacrifice
noun (masculine)
Root: hu (class 3)
वरपुरुषैः (varapuruṣaiḥ) - by excellent men, by excellent warriors
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of varapuruṣa
varapuruṣa - excellent man, noble person, best warrior
Compound type : karmadharaya (vara+puruṣa)
- vara – excellent, best, noble
adjective - puruṣa – man, person, male, warrior
noun (masculine)
पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, warriors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, male, warrior, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वाहनैः (vāhanaiḥ) - by mounts, by vehicles
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of vāhana
vāhana - mount, vehicle, carrier
Root: vah (class 1)
Note: Could be masculine if referring to animals like horses/elephants. Here functioning as agent.