महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-21, verse-30

तद्वध्यमानं पाण्डूनां बलं कर्णास्त्रतेजसा ।
विशस्त्रक्षतदेहं च प्राय आसीत्पराङ्मुखम् ॥३०॥

30. tadvadhyamānaṁ pāṇḍūnāṁ balaṁ karṇāstratejasā ,
viśastrakṣatadehaṁ ca prāya āsītparāṅmukham.

30. tat vadhyamānam pāṇḍūnām balam karṇāstratejasā
viśastra-kṣata-deham ca prāya āsīt parāṅmukham

30. pāṇḍūnām balam tat karṇāstratejasā vadhyamānam
ca viśastra-kṣata-deham prāya parāṅmukham āsīt

30. That Pāṇḍava army, being slaughtered by the power of Karṇa's missile (astra) and having its bodies wounded while disarmed, was mostly turning away in retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slaughtered, being killed, being attacked

• पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• बलम् (balam) - army, strength, force

• कर्णास्त्रतेजसा (karṇāstratejasā) - by the power of Karṇa's missile

• विशस्त्र-क्षत-देहम् (viśastra-kṣata-deham) - with bodies wounded while disarmed; having disarmed and wounded bodies

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्राय (prāya) - mostly, almost, nearly

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - turned away, retreating, having one's face averted

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'balam'.

वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slaughtered, being killed, being attacked

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck, being slaughtered

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √vadh (to strike, kill) with passive suffix -ya- and present participle suffix -māna.

Root: √vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas); yellowish-white

बलम् (balam) - army, strength, force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

कर्णास्त्रतेजसा (karṇāstratejasā) - by the power of Karṇa's missile

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karṇāstratejas

karṇāstratejas - the power/might of Karṇa's missile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+astra+tejas)

• karṇa – Karṇa (a warrior's name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)
• tejas – power, might, splendor, energy
  noun (neuter)

विशस्त्र-क्षत-देहम् (viśastra-kṣata-deham) - with bodies wounded while disarmed; having disarmed and wounded bodies

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viśastra-kṣata-deha

viśastra-kṣata-deha - having disarmed and wounded bodies

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśastra+kṣata+deha)

• viśastra – weaponless, disarmed
  adjective (masculine)
• kṣata – wounded, injured, hurt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṣan (to injure, wound).
  Root: √kṣan (class 8)
• deha – body, form
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्राय (prāya) - mostly, almost, nearly

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √as

Root: √as (class 2)

पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - turned away, retreating, having one's face averted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - turned away, facing backwards, averted, retreating

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.