महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-43

समाप्तविद्यं तु गुरोः सुतं नृपः समाप्तकर्माणमुपेत्य ते सुतः ।
सुहृद्वृतोऽत्यर्थमपूजयन्मुदा जिते बलौ विष्णुमिवामरेश्वरः ॥४३॥

43. samāptavidyaṁ tu guroḥ sutaṁ nṛpaḥ; samāptakarmāṇamupetya te sutaḥ ,
suhṛdvṛto'tyarthamapūjayanmudā; jite balau viṣṇumivāmareśvaraḥ.

43. samāptavidyam tu guroḥ sutam nṛpaḥ
samāptakarmāṇam upetya te sutaḥ
suhṛdvṛtaḥ atyartham apūjayat mudā
jite balau viṣṇum iva amareśvaraḥ

43. tu nṛpaḥ te sutaḥ suhṛdvṛtaḥ samāptavidyam samāptakarmāṇam guroḥ sutam upetya mudā atyartham apūjayat,
yathā amareśvaraḥ balau jite viṣṇum iva (apūjayat)

43. Your son, O King, surrounded by friends, having approached the guru's son—who had completed his education (vidyā) and duties (karma)—greatly honored him with joy, just as the lord of the gods (Indra) honored Viṣṇu when the demon Bala was conquered.

Words meanings summery:

• समाप्तविद्यम् (samāptavidyam) - one who has completed his education/learning

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, of the guru

• सुतम् (sutam) - son

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - O King (vocative addressed by Sañjaya) (the king)

• समाप्तकर्माणम् (samāptakarmāṇam) - one who has completed his duties/rites

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having come near

• ते (te) - your

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• सुहृद्वृतः (suhṛdvṛtaḥ) - surrounded by friends

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• अपूजयत् (apūjayat) - he worshipped, he honored

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, gladly, happily

• जिते (jite) - when conquered, when defeated

• बलौ (balau) - when the demon Bala was defeated (in Bala (the demon))

• विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• अमरेश्वरः (amareśvaraḥ) - the lord of immortals (Indra)

Words meanings and morphology

समाप्तविद्यम् (samāptavidyam) - one who has completed his education/learning

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāptavidya

samāptavidya - one who has completed his education/learning

Bahuvrīhi compound meaning 'whose (vidyā) knowledge has been completed (samāpta)'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samāpta+vidyā)

• samāpta – completed, finished, obtained
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-āp ('to obtain, finish') + kta suffix
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: āp (class 5)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, education (vidyā)
  noun (feminine)
  From root vid ('to know') + yā suffix
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'guroḥ sutam'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, of the guru

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual preceptor (guru), heavy, important

From root gṛ ('to praise') or gur ('to lift')

सुतम् (sutam) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

From root su ('to beget, produce') + kta suffix

Root: su (class 2)

Note: Object of 'upetya'.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - O King (vocative addressed by Sañjaya) (the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of nṛ ('man') + pā ('to protect')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, male, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā ('to protect')
  Root: pā (class 1)

समाप्तकर्माणम् (samāptakarmāṇam) - one who has completed his duties/rites

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāptakarman

samāptakarman - one whose actions/duties are completed

Bahuvrīhi compound meaning 'whose (karma) actions/duties have been completed (samāpta)'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samāpta+karman)

• samāpta – completed, finished, obtained
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-āp ('to obtain, finish') + kta suffix
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: āp (class 5)
• karman – action, deed, duty, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ ('to do') + man suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'guroḥ sutam'.

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From upa-i ('to go near') + lyap suffix

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Governs 'guroḥ sutam'.

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Note: Enclitic form of genitive singular 'tava'.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

From root su ('to beget, produce') + kta suffix

Root: su (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'apūjayat'.

सुहृद्वृतः (suhṛdvṛtaḥ) - surrounded by friends

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛdvṛta

suhṛdvṛta - surrounded by friends, accompanied by friends

Tatpuruṣa compound: suhṛd ('friend') + vṛta ('surrounded')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛd+vṛta)

• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher, good-hearted
  noun (masculine)
  From su ('good') + hṛd ('heart')
• vṛta – surrounded, covered, chosen
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ ('to cover, choose') + kta suffix
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'sutaḥ'.

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

From ati ('beyond') + artha ('purpose, meaning'), used as an adverb

Note: Adverb modifying 'apūjayat'.

अपूजयत् (apūjayat) - he worshipped, he honored

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

Causal

Root pūj in the causal stem (pūj-aya). Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: pūj (class 10)

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, gladly, happily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

From root mud ('to rejoice') + ā (feminine suffix)

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Adverbial instrumental.

जिते (jite) - when conquered, when defeated

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, defeated, won

Past Passive Participle

From root ji ('to conquer, win') + kta suffix

Root: ji (class 1)

बलौ (balau) - when the demon Bala was defeated (in Bala (the demon))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force; Name of a demon

विष्णुम् (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Name of a major Hindu deity (Viṣṇu), the pervader

From root viṣ ('to pervade')

Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Object of implicit 'honored' in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

अमरेश्वरः (amareśvaraḥ) - the lord of immortals (Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amareśvara

amareśvara - lord of the immortals/gods (Indra)

Tatpuruṣa compound: amara ('immortal, god') + īśvara ('lord')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amara+īśvara)

• amara – immortal, god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From a ('not') + mara ('dying')
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś ('to rule') + vara suffix
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of the comparison clause.