महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-42

शिरश्च तत्पूर्णशशिप्रभाननं सरोषताम्रायतनेत्रमुन्नसम् ।
क्षितौ विबभ्राज पतत्सकुण्डलं विशाखयोर्मध्यगतः शशी यथा ॥४२॥

42. śiraśca tatpūrṇaśaśiprabhānanaṁ; saroṣatāmrāyatanetramunnasam ,
kṣitau vibabhrāja patatsakuṇḍalaṁ; viśākhayormadhyagataḥ śaśī yathā.

42. śiraḥ ca tat pūrṇaśaśiprabhānanam
saroṣatāmrāyatānetram unnasam
kṣitau vibabhrāja patat sakuṇḍalam
viśākhayoḥ madhyagataḥ śaśī yathā

42. tat śiraḥ ca pūrṇaśaśiprabhānanam saroṣatāmrāyatānetram unnasam sakuṇḍalam patat kṣitau vibabhrāja,
yathā śaśī viśākhayoḥ madhyagataḥ

42. That head, with a face radiant like the full moon, angry, reddish, and wide eyes, and a prominent nose, lay fallen on the ground with its earrings, gleaming like the moon positioned between the two Viśākha stars.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that

• पूर्णशशिप्रभाननम् (pūrṇaśaśiprabhānanam) - face radiant like the full moon

• सरोषताम्रायतानेत्रम् (saroṣatāmrāyatānetram) - with angry, reddish, wide eyes

• उन्नसम् (unnasam) - with a prominent nose

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

• विबभ्राज (vibabhrāja) - gleamed (shone, glittered, gleamed)

• पतत् (patat) - falling

• सकुण्डलम् (sakuṇḍalam) - with earrings, adorned with earrings

• विशाखयोः (viśākhayoḥ) - of the two Viśākhā (stars)

• मध्यगतः (madhyagataḥ) - situated in the middle, positioned between

• शशी (śaśī) - the moon

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

Words meanings and morphology

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'śiraḥ'.

पूर्णशशिप्रभाननम् (pūrṇaśaśiprabhānanam) - face radiant like the full moon

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrṇaśaśiprabhānana

pūrṇaśaśiprabhānana - face radiant like the full moon

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrṇa+śaśi+prabhā+ānana)

• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pṛ ('to fill') + kta suffix
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• śaśi – moon, rabbit-bearer (referring to marks on the moon)
  noun (masculine)
  From śaś ('rabbit') + in (possessive suffix)
• prabhā – radiance, light, splendor, luster
  noun (feminine)
  From pra-bhā ('to shine')
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From root an ('to breathe') + ana suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.

सरोषताम्रायतानेत्रम् (saroṣatāmrāyatānetram) - with angry, reddish, wide eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saroṣatāmrāyatānetra

saroṣatāmrāyatānetra - having angry, reddish, wide eyes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+roṣa+tāmra+āyata+netra)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'with', 'together'
• roṣa – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  From root ruṣ ('to be angry') + ghañ suffix
  Root: ruṣ (class 4)
• tāmra – copper-colored, reddish
  adjective
• āyata – wide, long, extended
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā-yam ('to stretch') + kta suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)
• netra – eye, leader
  noun (neuter)
  From root nī ('to lead') + tra (instrument suffix)
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.

उन्नसम् (unnasam) - with a prominent nose

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of unnasa

unnasa - having a prominent nose, high-nosed

Bahuvrīhi compound from ut ('up, prominent') + nasa ('nose')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ut+nasa)

• ut – up, out, forth, prominent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'upwards', 'out', 'superiority'
• nasa – nose
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, habitation, loss

From root kṣi ('to dwell, to destroy') + ti suffix

Root: kṣi (class 1)

विबभ्राज (vibabhrāja) - gleamed (shone, glittered, gleamed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vi-bhrāj

Perfect tense (Liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice. Root bhrāj ('to shine') with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

पतत् (patat) - falling

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of patat

patat - falling, dropping, flying

Present Active Participle

From root pat ('to fall, to fly') + śatṛ suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.

सकुण्डलम् (sakuṇḍalam) - with earrings, adorned with earrings

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sakuṇḍala

sakuṇḍala - having earrings, adorned with earrings

Bahuvrīhi compound meaning 'having (sa) earrings (kuṇḍala)'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kuṇḍala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'with', 'together'
• kuṇḍala – earring, ring, coil
  noun (neuter)
  From root kuṇḍ ('to make round') + ala suffix

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.

विशाखयोः (viśākhayoḥ) - of the two Viśākhā (stars)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, dual of viśākhā

viśākhā - Name of a lunar mansion (nakṣatra), consisting of two stars, having two branches

From vi ('apart, distinct') + śākhā ('branch')

मध्यगतः (madhyagataḥ) - situated in the middle, positioned between

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyagata

madhyagata - situated in the middle, gone into the middle

From madhya ('middle') + gata (past passive participle of gam 'to go')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+gata)

• madhya – middle, center, mid-
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, situated
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam ('to go') + kta suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaśī'.

शशी (śaśī) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaśin

śaśin - moon, rabbit-bearer

From śaś ('rabbit') + in (possessive suffix)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

From ya ('which') + thā (manner suffix)