महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-23

अथ द्रोणसुतस्येषूंस्तांश्छित्त्वा निशितैः शरैः ।
धनुर्ज्यां विततां पाण्ड्यश्चिच्छेदादित्यवर्चसः ॥२३॥

23. atha droṇasutasyeṣūṁstāṁśchittvā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
dhanurjyāṁ vitatāṁ pāṇḍyaścicchedādityavarcasaḥ.

23. atha droṇasutasya iṣūn tān chittvā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
dhanurjyām vitatām pāṇḍyaḥ ciccheda ādityavarcasaḥ

23. atha ādityavarcasaḥ pāṇḍyaḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ droṇasutasya tān iṣūn chittvā,
(tasya) vitatām dhanurjyām ciccheda

23. Then, Pāṇḍya, brilliant as the sun, having severed those arrows of Droṇa's son (Ashvatthama) with sharp arrows, cut his (Ashvatthama's) strung bowstring.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• द्रोणसुतस्य (droṇasutasya) - of Ashvatthama (of Droṇa's son)

• इषून् (iṣūn) - arrows

• तान् (tān) - those (arrows) (those)

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• धनुर्ज्याम् (dhanurjyām) - bowstring

• वितताम् (vitatām) - stretched, strung

• पाण्ड्यः (pāṇḍyaḥ) - Pāṇḍya, the king (as the subject of the action) (the Pāṇḍya)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, severed

• आदित्यवर्चसः (ādityavarcasaḥ) - of sun-like splendor, brilliant like the sun

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

द्रोणसुतस्य (droṇasutasya) - of Ashvatthama (of Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇasuta

droṇasuta - son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+suta)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √sū 'to beget, produce'
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Possessive for arrows and bowstring.

इषून् (iṣūn) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Note: Object of chittvā.

तान् (tān) - those (arrows) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to iṣūn.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form of √chid

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Indicates a prior action.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śā 'to sharpen' with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

धनुर्ज्याम् (dhanurjyām) - bowstring

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhanurjyā

dhanurjyā - bowstring

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+jyā)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• jyā – bowstring, cord
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of ciccheda.

वितताम् (vitatām) - stretched, strung

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vitata

vitata - stretched, extended, strung

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √tan 'to stretch' with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Qualifies dhanurjyām.

पाण्ड्यः (pāṇḍyaḥ) - Pāṇḍya, the king (as the subject of the action) (the Pāṇḍya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍya

pāṇḍya - Pāṇḍya (name of a king/dynasty)

Note: Subject of ciccheda.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √chid

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: chid (class 7)

आदित्यवर्चसः (ādityavarcasaḥ) - of sun-like splendor, brilliant like the sun

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādityavarcas

ādityavarcas - having the splendor of the sun

Compound type : bahuvrihi (āditya+varcas)

• āditya – the sun, a solar deity
  noun (masculine)
• varcas – splendor, brilliance, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Pāṇḍyaḥ.