महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-20

मर्मभेदिभिरत्युग्रैर्बाणैरग्निशिखोपमैः ।
स्मयन्नभ्यहनद्द्रौणिः पाण्ड्यमाचार्यसत्तमः ॥२०॥

20. marmabhedibhiratyugrairbāṇairagniśikhopamaiḥ ,
smayannabhyahanaddrauṇiḥ pāṇḍyamācāryasattamaḥ.

20. marmabhedibhiḥ ati ugraiḥ bāṇaiḥ agniśikhopamaiḥ
smayan abhyahanat drauṇiḥ pāṇḍyam ācāryasattamaḥ

20. smayan ācāryasattamaḥ drauṇiḥ marmabhedibhiḥ ati
ugraiḥ agniśikhopamaiḥ bāṇaiḥ pāṇḍyam abhyahanat

20. Smiling, Droṇi (Aśvatthāmā), the foremost among teachers (guru), struck the Pandya king (Malayadhvaja) with arrows that pierced vital spots, were exceedingly terrible, and resembled flames of fire.

Words meanings summery:

• मर्मभेदिभिः (marmabhedibhiḥ) - by arrows that pierced vital spots (by those piercing vital spots)

• अति (ati) - exceedingly, very, highly

• उग्रैः (ugraiḥ) - by fierce arrows (by fierce ones, by terrible ones)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• अग्निशिखोपमैः (agniśikhopamaiḥ) - by arrows resembling flames of fire (by those resembling flames of fire)

• स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling, laughing gently

• अभ्यहनत् (abhyahanat) - struck, hit

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (Droni (son of Drona))

• पाण्ड्यम् (pāṇḍyam) - King Malayadhvaja, the Pandya king. (the Pandya (king/kingdom))

• आचार्यसत्तमः (ācāryasattamaḥ) - Epithet for Droṇi, indicating his high status as Drona's son. (the best among teachers, foremost guru (guru))

Words meanings and morphology

मर्मभेदिभिः (marmabhedibhiḥ) - by arrows that pierced vital spots (by those piercing vital spots)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of marmabhedin

marmabhedin - piercing vital parts, wounding sensitive spots, deeply affecting

Derived from marman (vital spot) and root bhid (to split, pierce) with -in suffix.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (marman+bhedin)

• marman – a vital spot, vulnerable point
  noun (neuter)
• bhedin – piercing, breaking, splitting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root bhid (to split/pierce).
  Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with bāṇaiḥ.

अति (ati) - exceedingly, very, highly

(indeclinable)

Note: Serves as an intensifier for the following adjective.

उग्रैः (ugraiḥ) - by fierce arrows (by fierce ones, by terrible ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, mighty

Note: Agrees with bāṇaiḥ.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: The instrument of striking.

अग्निशिखोपमैः (agniśikhopamaiḥ) - by arrows resembling flames of fire (by those resembling flames of fire)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of agniśikhopama

agniśikhopama - resembling a flame of fire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (agniśikhā+upama)

• agniśikhā – flame of fire
  noun (feminine)
• upama – resembling, similar
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bāṇaiḥ.

स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling, laughing gently

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smayat

smayat - smiling, laughing gently

Present Active Participle

Derived from root smi (to smile) with śatṛ affix.

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Droṇi.

अभ्यहनत् (abhyahanat) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of abhi-han

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Imperfect form of abhi-han.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (Droni (son of Drona))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, Aśvatthāmā

Patronymic from Droṇa.

Note: Subject of the verb abhyahanat.

पाण्ड्यम् (pāṇḍyam) - King Malayadhvaja, the Pandya king. (the Pandya (king/kingdom))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍya

pāṇḍya - a king of the Pandya dynasty; the Pandya kingdom

Relating to the Pāṇḍu dynasty or region; here referring to the King.

Note: Object of the verb abhyahanat.

आचार्यसत्तमः (ācāryasattamaḥ) - Epithet for Droṇi, indicating his high status as Drona's son. (the best among teachers, foremost guru (guru))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāryasattama

ācāryasattama - best among teachers, most excellent guru (guru)

Superlative compound. sattama means 'best' or 'most excellent'.

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (ācārya+sattama)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, master, guru (guru)
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of sat (good, existing), or sādhu (good).

Note: Qualifies Droṇi.