महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-21

ततो नवापरांस्तीक्ष्णान्नाराचान्कङ्कवाससः ।
गत्या दशम्या संयुक्तानश्वत्थामा व्यवासृजत् ॥२१॥

21. tato navāparāṁstīkṣṇānnārācānkaṅkavāsasaḥ ,
gatyā daśamyā saṁyuktānaśvatthāmā vyavāsṛjat.

21. tataḥ nava aparān tīkṣṇān nārācān kaṅkavāsasaḥ
gatyā daśamyā saṃyuktān aśvatthāmā vyavāsṛjat

21. tataḥ aśvatthāmā nava aparān tīkṣṇān kaṅkavāsasaḥ
daśamyā gatyā saṃyuktān nārācān vyavāsṛjat

21. Then Aśvatthāmā released nine other sharp, iron arrows, fletched with heron feathers, which flew with extreme speed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• नव (nava) - nine

• अपरान् (aparān) - nine other (arrows) (other, different)

• तीक्ष्णान् (tīkṣṇān) - sharp, keen

• नाराचान् (nārācān) - iron arrows, steel arrows

• कङ्कवाससः (kaṅkavāsasaḥ) - having heron feathers, fletched with heron feathers

• गत्या (gatyā) - by movement, with speed

• दशम्या (daśamyā) - by the tenth speed/movement (implying extreme swiftness) (by the tenth)

• संयुक्तान् (saṁyuktān) - endowed with (extreme) speed (endowed with, connected with, combined)

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

• व्यवासृजत् (vyavāsṛjat) - discharged, released, shot

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

नव (nava) - nine

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with aparān.

अपरान् (aparān) - nine other (arrows) (other, different)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, inferior

Note: Agrees with nārācān.

तीक्ष्णान् (tīkṣṇān) - sharp, keen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, hot, severe, fierce

Note: Agrees with nārācān.

नाराचान् (nārācān) - iron arrows, steel arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nārāca

nārāca - iron arrow, steel arrow

Note: Object of the verb vyavāsṛjat.

कङ्कवाससः (kaṅkavāsasaḥ) - having heron feathers, fletched with heron feathers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaṅkavāsas

kaṅkavāsas - having the plumage of a heron, fletched with heron feathers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kaṅka+vāsas)

• kaṅka – heron
  noun (masculine)
• vāsas – feather, wing, clothing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies nārācān.

गत्या (gatyā) - by movement, with speed

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gati

gati - movement, gait, speed, course, destiny

Derived from root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

दशम्या (daśamyā) - by the tenth speed/movement (implying extreme swiftness) (by the tenth)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies gatyā. This is a very specific idiom, possibly indicating a 'maximum' or 'ultimate' speed rather than a literal tenth speed.

संयुक्तान् (saṁyuktān) - endowed with (extreme) speed (endowed with, connected with, combined)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, united, connected, endowed with, accompanied by

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join) with upasarga saṃ-.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies nārācān.

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (son of Drona)

Note: Subject of the verb vyavāsṛjat.

व्यवासृजत् (vyavāsṛjat) - discharged, released, shot

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of vi-ava-sṛj

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Imperfect form of vi-ava-sṛj.