महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-26

प्रहितांस्तान्प्रयत्नेन छित्त्वा द्रौणेरिषूनरिः ।
चक्ररक्षौ ततस्तस्य प्राणुदन्निशितैः शरैः ॥२६॥

26. prahitāṁstānprayatnena chittvā drauṇeriṣūnariḥ ,
cakrarakṣau tatastasya prāṇudanniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

26. prahitān tān prayatnena chittvā drauṇeḥ iṣūn ariḥ
cakrarakṣau tataḥ tasya prāṇudan niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

26. ariḥ prayatnena tān prahitān drauṇeḥ iṣūn chittvā
tataḥ tasya cakrarakṣau niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ prāṇudan

26. The enemy, having diligently cut down those arrows shot by Droṇa's son, then struck his two chariot-wheel protectors with sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रहितान् (prahitān) - arrows that were sent (by Droṇa's son) (sent, dispatched, thrown)

• तान् (tān) - those (arrows) (them, those)

• प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - with effort, diligently, carefully

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed

• द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Droṇa's son, of Aśvatthāman

• इषून् (iṣūn) - arrows

• अरिः (ariḥ) - enemy, foe

• चक्ररक्षौ (cakrarakṣau) - the two wheel-protectors, chariot-wheel guards (dual)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• तस्य (tasya) - of Droṇa's son (his, of him, of that)

• प्राणुदन् (prāṇudan) - they (the enemy) struck (they struck, they hurled, they repelled)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, whetted, keen

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

प्रहितान् (prahitān) - arrows that were sent (by Droṇa's son) (sent, dispatched, thrown)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prahita

prahita - sent, dispatched, thrown, directed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hā (to go, to leave) with prefix pra- and suffix kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: √hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'tān' (those arrows).

तान् (tān) - those (arrows) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the arrows.

प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - with effort, diligently, carefully

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, diligence, perseverance

Derived from pra- + √yat (to strive, endeavour).

Prefix: pra

Root: √yat (class 1)

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √chid (to cut, cleave) with suffix ktvā.

Root: √chid (class 7)

द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Droṇa's son, of Aśvatthāman

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Patronymic from 'Droṇa'.

इषून् (iṣūn) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

अरिः (ariḥ) - enemy, foe

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ari

ari - enemy, foe, rival

Note: The subject of the sentence.

चक्ररक्षौ (cakrarakṣau) - the two wheel-protectors, chariot-wheel guards (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of cakrarakṣa

cakrarakṣa - chariot-wheel protector, wheel-guard

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cakra+rakṣa)

• cakra – wheel, discus
  noun (neuter)
• rakṣa – protector, guard
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √rakṣ (to protect).
  Root: √rakṣ (class 1)

Note: The object of the verb 'prāṇudan'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of Droṇa's son (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Droṇa's son.

प्राणुदन् (prāṇudan) - they (the enemy) struck (they struck, they hurled, they repelled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of praṇud

Imperfect Active

Derived from root √ṇud (to push, impel) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: √ṇud (class 6)

Note: The plural subject 'ariḥ' (enemy, singular, but contextually implying multiple combatants or the enemy force) makes sense with a plural verb.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, whetted, keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, whetted, keen, pointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: √śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ' (arrows).

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow