महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-15, verse-41

सुदीर्घवृत्तौ वरचन्दनोक्षितौ सुवर्णमुक्तामणिवज्रभूषितौ ।
भुजौ धरायां पतितौ नृपस्य तौ विवेष्टतुस्तार्क्ष्यहताविवोरगौ ॥४१॥

41. sudīrghavṛttau varacandanokṣitau; suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣitau ,
bhujau dharāyāṁ patitau nṛpasya tau; viveṣṭatustārkṣyahatāvivoragau.

41. sudīrghavṛttau varacandanokṣitau
suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣitau bhujau
dharāyām patitau nṛpasya tau
viveṣṭatuḥ tārkṣyahatau iva uragau

41. nṛpasya tau sudīrghavṛttau
varacandanokṣitau suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣitau
bhujau dharāyām patitau (āstām);
tārkṣyahatau uragau iva viveṣṭatuḥ

41. Those two arms of the king—very long, rounded, anointed with exquisite sandalwood paste, and adorned with gold, pearls, jewels, and diamonds—fell to the earth. There, they writhed like two snakes struck by Tārkṣya (Garuda).

Words meanings summery:

• सुदीर्घवृत्तौ (sudīrghavṛttau) - describing the shape and length of the king's arms (very long and round/circular)

• वरचन्दनोक्षितौ (varacandanokṣitau) - describing the royal adornment of the arms (anointed with excellent sandalwood)

• सुवर्णमुक्तामणिवज्रभूषितौ (suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣitau) - further describing the rich adornment of the king's arms (adorned with gold, pearls, gems, and diamonds)

• भुजौ (bhujau) - the king's two arms (two arms)

• धरायाम् (dharāyām) - the location where the arms fell (on the earth, on the ground)

• पतितौ (patitau) - having fallen to the ground (fallen, dropped)

• नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - indicating ownership of the arms (of the king)

• तौ (tau) - referring to the two arms (those two)

• विवेष्टतुः (viveṣṭatuḥ) - the arms writhed like snakes (they writhed, they coiled)

• तार्क्ष्यहतौ (tārkṣyahatau) - referring to snakes struck by Garuda, their arch-enemy (struck by Tārkṣya (Garuda))

• इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

• उरगौ (uragau) - the creatures to which the arms are compared (two snakes)

Words meanings and morphology

सुदीर्घवृत्तौ (sudīrghavṛttau) - describing the shape and length of the king's arms (very long and round/circular)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sudīrghavṛtta

sudīrghavṛtta - very long and round, well-rounded and extended

Compound. su (good, very) + dīrgha (long) + vṛtta (round).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+dīrgha+vṛtta)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable (prefix)
• dīrgha – long, lengthy
  adjective
• vṛtta – round, circular, accomplished, happened
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle (from vṛt)
  From root vṛt (to turn, to exist).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

वरचन्दनोक्षितौ (varacandanokṣitau) - describing the royal adornment of the arms (anointed with excellent sandalwood)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of varacandanokṣita

varacandanokṣita - sprinkled/anointed with excellent sandalwood paste

Compound. vara (excellent) + candana (sandalwood) + ukṣita (sprinkled/anointed).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vara+candana+ukṣita)

• vara – excellent, best, supreme
  adjective
• candana – sandalwood, sandalwood paste
  noun (neuter)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, moistened, anointed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ukṣ (to sprinkle).
  Root: ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

सुवर्णमुक्तामणिवज्रभूषितौ (suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣitau) - further describing the rich adornment of the king's arms (adorned with gold, pearls, gems, and diamonds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣita

suvarṇamuktāmaṇivajrabhūṣita - adorned with gold, pearls, gems, and diamonds

Compound. suvarṇa (gold) + muktā (pearl) + maṇi (gem) + vajra (diamond) + bhūṣita (adorned).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (suvarṇa+muktā+maṇi+vajra+bhūṣita)

• suvarṇa – gold, beautiful color
  noun (neuter)
  su (good) + varṇa (color).
• muktā – pearl
  noun (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle (from muc)
  From root muc (to release), referring to a pearl being released from a shell.
  Root: muc (class 6)
• maṇi – gem, jewel, precious stone
  noun (masculine)
• vajra – diamond, thunderbolt
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣita – adorned, decorated, ornamented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhūṣ (to adorn) with suffix kta.
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

भुजौ (bhujau) - the king's two arms (two arms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand

Note: The main noun being described.

धरायाम् (dharāyām) - the location where the arms fell (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of dharā

dharā - earth, ground

From root dhṛ (to bear, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location.

पतितौ (patitau) - having fallen to the ground (fallen, dropped)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of patita

patita - fallen, descended, dropped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat with suffix kta.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for 'bhujau'.

नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - indicating ownership of the arms (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

From nṛ (man) + pa (protector).

Root: pā (class 1)

तौ (tau) - referring to the two arms (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Nominative dual masculine form of tad.

Note: Subject of 'viveṣṭatuḥ'.

विवेष्टतुः (viveṣṭatuḥ) - the arms writhed like snakes (they writhed, they coiled)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of viveṣṭ

Perfect Active

Reduplicated past tense (Perfect) from vi-veṣṭ.

Prefix: vi

Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Agreement with 'tau'.

तार्क्ष्यहतौ (tārkṣyahatau) - referring to snakes struck by Garuda, their arch-enemy (struck by Tārkṣya (Garuda))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tārkṣyahata

tārkṣyahata - struck/killed by Tārkṣya (Garuda)

Compound. tārkṣya (Garuda) + hata (struck/killed).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tārkṣya+hata)

• tārkṣya – Garuda (mythical eagle, vehicle of Vishnu), son of Tṛkṣa
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic.
• hata – struck, killed, injured
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill) with suffix kta.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'uragau'.

इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

उरगौ (uragau) - the creatures to which the arms are compared (two snakes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of uraga

uraga - snake, serpent (lit. 'chest-goer')

From uras (chest) + ga (going).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (uras+ga)

• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)
  s-stem noun.
• ga – going, moving, moving on
  suffix/adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from gam
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.