महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-56, verse-8

पुत्रशोकाभिभूतेन प्रतिज्ञातो महात्मना ।
सहसा सिन्धुराजस्य वधो गाण्डीवधन्वना ॥८॥

8. putraśokābhibhūtena pratijñāto mahātmanā ,
sahasā sindhurājasya vadho gāṇḍīvadhanvanā.

8. putraśokābhibhūtena pratijñātaḥ mahātmanā
sahasā sindhurājasya vadhaḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvanā

8. putraśokābhibhūtena mahātmanā gāṇḍīvadhanvanā
sahasā sindhurājasya vadhaḥ pratijñātaḥ

8. The great-souled (mahātman) wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, overwhelmed by grief for his son, had immediately vowed the slaying of the King of Sindhu.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रशोकाभिभूतेन (putraśokābhibhūtena) - by Arjuna, who was overcome by grief for his son Abhimanyu (by one overcome by grief for a son)

• प्रतिज्ञातः (pratijñātaḥ) - vowed, promised

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Arjuna (by the great-souled one)

• सहसा (sahasā) - immediately, suddenly, quickly

• सिन्धुराजस्य (sindhurājasya) - of Jayadratha (of the king of Sindhu)

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - slaying, killing

• गाण्डीवधन्वना (gāṇḍīvadhanvanā) - by Arjuna (by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow)

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रशोकाभिभूतेन (putraśokābhibhūtena) - by Arjuna, who was overcome by grief for his son Abhimanyu (by one overcome by grief for a son)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putraśokābhibhūta

putraśokābhibhūta - overcome by grief for a son

Past Passive Participle

Compound, where abhibhūta is the PPP of abhi-√bhū (to overcome)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putraśoka+abhibhūta)

• putraśoka – grief for a son
  noun (masculine)
  compound of putra (son) and śoka (grief)
• abhibhūta – overcome, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of abhi-√bhū
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies mahātmanā and gāṇḍīvadhanvanā.

प्रतिज्ञातः (pratijñātaḥ) - vowed, promised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratijñāta

pratijñāta - vowed, promised, known

Past Passive Participle

PPP of prati-√jñā

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Past Passive Participle functioning as adjective.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Arjuna (by the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

सहसा (sahasā) - immediately, suddenly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of sahas used as an adverb

Note: Adverb.

सिन्धुराजस्य (sindhurājasya) - of Jayadratha (of the king of Sindhu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sindhurāja

sindhurāja - King of Sindhu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sindhu+rāja)

• sindhu – Sindhu (region/river)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

वधः (vadhaḥ) - slaying, killing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, destruction

From √vadh (to strike, kill)

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Subject of pratijñātaḥ.

गाण्डीवधन्वना (gāṇḍīvadhanvanā) - by Arjuna (by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna)

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – the name of Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.