महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-56, verse-10

कष्टं हीदं व्यवसितं पाण्डवेन महात्मना ।
पुत्रशोकाभितप्तेन प्रतिज्ञा महती कृता ॥१०॥

10. kaṣṭaṁ hīdaṁ vyavasitaṁ pāṇḍavena mahātmanā ,
putraśokābhitaptena pratijñā mahatī kṛtā.

10. kaṣṭam hi idam vyavasitam pāṇḍavena mahātmanā
putraśokābhitaptena pratijñā mahatī kṛtā

10. hi idam kaṣṭam vyavasitam (asti) pāṇḍavena mahātmanā
putraśokābhitaptena mahatī pratijñā kṛtā (asti)

10. Alas, this undertaking by the great-souled (mahātman) Pandava, who is tormented by grief for his son, is indeed a difficult one; a momentous vow has been made.

Words meanings summery:

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - difficult, painful, lamentable, alas

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• इदम् (idam) - this

• व्यवसितम् (vyavasitam) - undertaking, resolve, determined

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Arjuna (by the Pandava)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Arjuna (by the great-souled one)

• पुत्रशोकाभितप्तेन (putraśokābhitaptena) - by Arjuna, tormented by grief for his son Abhimanyu (by him distressed by grief for a son)

• प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) - the vow to kill Jayadratha (vow, promise)

• महती (mahatī) - great, momentous, difficult

• कृता (kṛtā) - made, done

Words meanings and morphology

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - difficult, painful, lamentable, alas

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficult, painful, bad

PPP of √kaṣ

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for idam vyavasitam.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing emphasis or causation

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject.

व्यवसितम् (vyavasitam) - undertaking, resolve, determined

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyavasita

vyavasita - undertaken, resolved, determined

Past Passive Participle

PPP of vi-ava-√so (or √sā)

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so/sā (class 4)

Note: Subject, agreeing with idam.

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Arjuna (by the Pandava)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pandava

Note: Agent for vyavasitam and kṛtā.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Arjuna (by the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍavena.

पुत्रशोकाभितप्तेन (putraśokābhitaptena) - by Arjuna, tormented by grief for his son Abhimanyu (by him distressed by grief for a son)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putraśokābhitapta

putraśokābhitapta - distressed/tormented by grief for a son

Past Passive Participle

Compound, where abhitapta is the PPP of abhi-√tap (to torment)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putraśoka+abhitapta)

• putraśoka – grief for a son
  noun (masculine)
  compound of putra (son) and śoka (grief)
• abhitapta – tormented, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of abhi-√tap
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍavena and mahātmanā.

प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) - the vow to kill Jayadratha (vow, promise)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, assertion

From prati-√jñā

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of kṛtā.

महती (mahatī) - great, momentous, difficult

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Feminine form of mahat

Note: Agrees with pratijñā.

कृता (kṛtā) - made, done

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting as a predicate adjective with an implied "is" or "has been".