महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-56, verse-17

तस्यां रजन्यां मध्ये तु प्रतिबुद्धो जनार्दनः ।
स्मृत्वा प्रतिज्ञां पार्थस्य दारुकं प्रत्यभाषत ॥१७॥

17. tasyāṁ rajanyāṁ madhye tu pratibuddho janārdanaḥ ,
smṛtvā pratijñāṁ pārthasya dārukaṁ pratyabhāṣata.

17. tasyāṃ rajanyāṃ madhye tu pratibuddhaḥ janārdanaḥ
smṛtvā pratijñāṃ pārthasya dārukaṃ prati abhāṣata

17. tu tasyāṃ rajanyāṃ madhye janārdanaḥ pratibuddhaḥ
pārthasya pratijñāṃ smṛtvā dārukaṃ prati abhāṣata

17. But in the middle of that night, Janardana (Krishna) awoke, and remembering Partha's (Arjuna's) vow, he spoke to Daruka.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्यां (tasyāṁ) - in that, of that (feminine)

• रजन्यां (rajanyāṁ) - in the night

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, between, amidst

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - awakened, roused, enlightened

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Krishna (Janardana (a name of Krishna))

• स्मृत्वा (smṛtvā) - having remembered

• प्रतिज्ञां (pratijñāṁ) - vow, promise, agreement

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Arjuna (of Partha (Arjuna))

• दारुकं (dārukaṁ) - to Daruka (Krishna's charioteer) (to Daruka)

• प्रति (prati) - to, towards, against, concerning

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

तस्यां (tasyāṁ) - in that, of that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'rajanyāṃ'.

रजन्यां (rajanyāṁ) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, between, amidst

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or slight contrast.

प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - awakened, roused, enlightened

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibuddha

pratibuddha - awakened, come to consciousness, enlightened, understood

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root budh (to know, wake) with upasarga prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'janārdanaḥ'.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Krishna (Janardana (a name of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - agitator of men, one who is solicited by men (a name of Krishna)

Compound: jana (people) + ardana (agitator/remover).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• ardana – agitating, tormenting, causing pain, removing
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  From root ṛd (to agitate, pain, remove)
  Root: ṛd (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्मृत्वा (smṛtvā) - having remembered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root smṛ.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

प्रतिज्ञां (pratijñāṁ) - vow, promise, agreement

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, agreement, assertion

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'smṛtvā'.

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Arjuna (of Partha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), a name for Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna's mother.

Note: Possessive, modifying 'pratijñāṃ'.

दारुकं (dārukaṁ) - to Daruka (Krishna's charioteer) (to Daruka)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāruka

dāruka - name of Krishna's charioteer

Note: Object of the preposition 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - to, towards, against, concerning

(indeclinable)

Note: Takes accusative case (dārukaṃ).

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: The 'prati' in 'pratyabhāṣata' functions as an upasarga here, changing 'abhāṣata' (spoke) to 'prati-abhāṣata' (spoke to/addressed).