महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-56, verse-16

एवं कथयतां तेषां जयमाशंसतां प्रभो ।
कृच्छ्रेण महता राजन्रजनी व्यत्यवर्तत ॥१६॥

16. evaṁ kathayatāṁ teṣāṁ jayamāśaṁsatāṁ prabho ,
kṛcchreṇa mahatā rājanrajanī vyatyavartata.

16. evaṃ kathayatāṃ teṣāṃ jayam āśaṃsatāṃ prabho
kṛcchreṇa mahatā rājan rajanī vyatyavartata

16. prabho rājan evaṃ jayam āśaṃsatāṃ kathayatāṃ
teṣāṃ mahatā kṛcchreṇa rajanī vyatyavartata

16. O Lord, O King, as they spoke thus, wishing for victory, the night passed with great difficulty.

Words meanings summery:

• एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so

• कथयतां (kathayatāṁ) - of those speaking, while speaking

• तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of them, their

• जयम् (jayam) - victory, triumph

• आशंसतां (āśaṁsatāṁ) - of those wishing, while wishing for

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O master

• कृच्छ्रेण (kṛcchreṇa) - with difficulty, laboriously

• महता (mahatā) - great, large

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• रजनी (rajanī) - night

• व्यत्यवर्तत (vyatyavartata) - passed, rolled on, elapsed

Words meanings and morphology

एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

कथयतां (kathayatāṁ) - of those speaking, while speaking

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kath (to tell, speak) in causative form (kathay-)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣāṃ'.

तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pandavas and their allies.

जयम् (jayam) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest, winning

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āśaṃsatāṃ'.

आशंसतां (āśaṁsatāṁ) - of those wishing, while wishing for

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āśaṃsat

āśaṁsat - wishing for, hoping for, desiring

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śaṃs (to praise, wish) with upasarga ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣāṃ'.

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king, powerful

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: A form of address, likely to Dhritarashtra.

कृच्छ्रेण (kṛcchreṇa) - with difficulty, laboriously

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, pain, distress, trouble

महता (mahatā) - great, large

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, immense, important

Note: Agrees with 'kṛcchreṇa'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: A form of address, likely to Dhritarashtra.

रजनी (rajanī) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night

Note: Subject of 'vyatyavartata'.

व्यत्यवर्तत (vyatyavartata) - passed, rolled on, elapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vyativṛt

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice. From root vṛt (to turn) with upasargas vi-ati-.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)