महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-56, verse-40

दारुक उवाच ।
जय एव ध्रुवस्तस्य कुत एव पराजयः ।
यस्य त्वं पुरुषव्याघ्र सारथ्यमुपजग्मिवान् ॥४०॥

40. dāruka uvāca ,
jaya eva dhruvastasya kuta eva parājayaḥ ,
yasya tvaṁ puruṣavyāghra sārathyamupajagmivān.

40. dārukaḥ uvāca jayaḥ eva dhruvaḥ tasya kutaḥ eva
parājayaḥ yasya tvam puruṣavyāghra sāratyam upajagmivān

40. dārukaḥ uvāca puruṣavyāghra yasya tvam sāratyam
upajagmivān tasya jayaḥ eva dhruvaḥ parājayaḥ kutaḥ eva

40. Daruka said: His victory is certainly assured. How could there be defeat for him, O tiger among men (puruṣa), whose charioteering you have undertaken?

Words meanings summery:

• दारुकः (dārukaḥ) - Krishna's charioteer (Daruka (name of Krishna's charioteer))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph, conquest

• एव (eva) - certainly, only, indeed

• ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain, fixed, sure, constant

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, how

• एव (eva) - certainly, only, indeed

• पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat, loss, discomfiture

• यस्य (yasya) - of whom, whose, for whom

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

• सारत्यम् (sāratyam) - charioteering, office of a charioteer

• उपजग्मिवान् (upajagmivān) - having undertaken, having approached

Words meanings and morphology

दारुकः (dārukaḥ) - Krishna's charioteer (Daruka (name of Krishna's charioteer))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāruka

dāruka - Daruka (name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph, conquest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Root: ji (class 1)

एव (eva) - certainly, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain, fixed, sure, constant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, certain, sure

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, how

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - certainly, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat, loss, discomfiture

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parājaya

parājaya - defeat, loss, discomfiture

Root: ji (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - of whom, whose, for whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, foremost of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, male, person, spirit (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

सारत्यम् (sāratyam) - charioteering, office of a charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sārathya

sārathya - charioteering, the office or duty of a charioteer

derived from sārathi (charioteer)

उपजग्मिवान् (upajagmivān) - having undertaken, having approached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upa-gam

gam - to go, to move, to approach

perfect active participle

root gam with prefix upa, participle formation

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)