महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-56, verse-13

अहत्वा सिन्धुराजं हि धूमकेतुं प्रवेक्ष्यति ।
न ह्येतदनृतं कर्तुमर्हः पार्थो धनंजयः ॥१३॥

13. ahatvā sindhurājaṁ hi dhūmaketuṁ pravekṣyati ,
na hyetadanṛtaṁ kartumarhaḥ pārtho dhanaṁjayaḥ.

13. ahatvā sindhurājam hi dhūmaketum pravekṣyati na
hi etat anṛtam kartum arhaḥ pārthaḥ dhanañjayaḥ

13. hi sindhurājam ahatvā (saḥ) dhūmaketum pravekṣyati
hi pārthaḥ dhanañjayaḥ etat anṛtam kartum na arhaḥ

13. If he does not slay the Sindhu king, he will indeed enter the fire (as per his vow). For Pārtha Dhanañjaya is not able to make this (vow) untrue.

Words meanings summery:

• अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without killing, not having killed

• सिन्धुराजम् (sindhurājam) - Jayadratha (the king of Sindhu)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• धूमकेतुम् (dhūmaketum) - funeral pyre or ritual fire for suicide (fire, smoke-bannered (referring to fire as a god, or a funeral pyre))

• प्रवेक्ष्यति (pravekṣyati) - he will enter

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• एतत् (etat) - this vow (this)

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth (of the vow) (untruth, falsehood)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

• अर्हः (arhaḥ) - able, fit, deserving

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanañjaya (name of Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without killing, not having killed

(indeclinable)

Negative Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with negative prefix a-

Prefix: a

Root: √han (class 2)

सिन्धुराजम् (sindhurājam) - Jayadratha (the king of Sindhu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sindhurāja

sindhurāja - king of Sindhu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sindhu+rāja)

• sindhu – Sindhu river, region of Sindhu
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

धूमकेतुम् (dhūmaketum) - funeral pyre or ritual fire for suicide (fire, smoke-bannered (referring to fire as a god, or a funeral pyre))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhūmaketu

dhūmaketu - fire (lit. smoke-bannered), comet

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhūma+ketu)

• dhūma – smoke
  noun (masculine)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign
  noun (masculine)

प्रवेक्ष्यति (pravekṣyati) - he will enter

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √viś

Future Tense

3rd person singular active future of √viś with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: √viś (class 6)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this vow (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth (of the vow) (untruth, falsehood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order
  noun (neuter)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

अर्हः (arhaḥ) - able, fit, deserving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arha

arha - able, fit, deserving

Derived from root √arh (to deserve, be able)

Root: √arh (class 1)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), an epithet of Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanañjaya (name of Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth (epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √ji (class 1)