महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-28, verse-44

निहत्य तं नरपतिमिन्द्रविक्रमं सखायमिन्द्रस्य तथैन्द्रिराहवे ।
ततोऽपरांस्तव जयकाङ्क्षिणो नरान्बभञ्ज वायुर्बलवान्द्रुमानिव ॥४४॥

44. nihatya taṁ narapatimindravikramaṁ; sakhāyamindrasya tathaindrirāhave ,
tato'parāṁstava jayakāṅkṣiṇo narā;nbabhañja vāyurbalavāndrumāniva.

44. nihatya tam narapatim indravikramam
sakhāyam indrasya tathā aindriḥ āhave
| tataḥ aparān tu jayakāṅkṣiṇaḥ
narān babhañja vāyuḥ balavān drumān iva

44. aindriḥ āhave indravikramam indrasya sakhāyam tam narapatim nihatya,
tataḥ tu jayakāṅkṣiṇaḥ aparān narān balavān vāyuḥ drumān iva babhañja.

44. After killing that king, who was mighty as Indra and a friend of Indra, Arjuna (aindri) then shattered other men who desired victory in battle, just as a powerful wind breaks trees.

Words meanings summery:

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

• तम् (tam) - that (king) (him, that)

• नरपतिम् (narapatim) - king, lord of men

• इन्द्रविक्रमम् (indravikramam) - whose valor is like Indra's, mighty as Indra

• सखायम् (sakhāyam) - friend

• इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• ऐन्द्रिः (aindriḥ) - son of Indra, Arjuna

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• अपरान् (aparān) - others, other men

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• जयकाङ्क्षिणः (jayakāṅkṣiṇaḥ) - desirous of victory, aspiring for triumph

• नरान् (narān) - men

• बभञ्ज (babhañja) - shattered, broke, defeated

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

• बलवान् (balavān) - mighty, powerful, strong

• द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix ni- + root han (to strike, kill) + suffix -tvā (changed to -tya after ni).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरपतिम् (narapatim) - king, lord of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - king, lord of men

Compound of nara (man) and pati (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+pati)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'nihatya'.

इन्द्रविक्रमम् (indravikramam) - whose valor is like Indra's, mighty as Indra

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indravikrama

indravikrama - whose valor is like Indra's, mighty as Indra

Compound of indra (Indra) and vikrama (valor, might).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (indra+vikrama)

• indra – Indra (name of a Vedic deity, king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, might, courage, stride
  noun (masculine)
  From root kram (to step, stride) with vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'narapatim'.

सखायम् (sakhāyam) - friend

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Masculine noun, irregular declension.

Note: Object of 'nihatya', referring to the king.

इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (name of a Vedic deity, king of gods)

Note: Possessive, "friend of Indra".

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad.

Note: Connects the description of the king.

ऐन्द्रिः (aindriḥ) - son of Indra, Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aindri

aindri - son of Indra, Arjuna

Patronymic from Indra.

Note: Subject of 'nihatya' (implied) and 'babhañja'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat, challenge

From root hu (to sacrifice) with ā- prefix, referring to an encounter or challenge.

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Specifies location/context of action.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad.

अपरान् (aparān) - others, other men

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

Note: Modifies 'narān'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or contrast.

Note: Often translated as 'but' or omitted in smooth English.

जयकाङ्क्षिणः (jayakāṅkṣiṇaḥ) - desirous of victory, aspiring for triumph

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jayakāṅkṣin

jayakāṅkṣin - desirous of victory, aspiring for triumph

Compound of jaya (victory) and kāṅkṣin (desiring). kāṅkṣin is derived from root kāṅkṣ (to desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jaya+kāṅkṣin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)
• kāṅkṣin – desiring, wishing, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun suffix -in
  From root kāṅkṣ (to desire).
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'narān'.

नरान् (narān) - men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Object of 'babhañja'.

बभञ्ज (babhañja) - shattered, broke, defeated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhañj

Perfect tense, 3rd person, singular, active voice.

Intensive (reduplication) form of the root.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Subject is 'aindriḥ'.

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, god of wind

Masculine noun, u-stem.

Root: vā (class 2)

बलवान् (balavān) - mighty, powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - mighty, powerful, strong, possessing strength

Possessive suffix -vat/-mat added to bala (strength).

Note: Agrees with 'vāyuḥ'.

द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree, forest

Masculine noun, a-stem.

Root: dru

Note: Object of implied verb in simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.