महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-28, verse-42

शिरसस्तस्य विभ्रष्टः पपात च वराङ्कुशः ।
नालताडनविभ्रष्टं पलाशं नलिनादिव ॥४२॥

42. śirasastasya vibhraṣṭaḥ papāta ca varāṅkuśaḥ ,
nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭaṁ palāśaṁ nalinādiva.

42. śirasaḥ tasya vibhraṣṭaḥ papāta ca varāṅkuśaḥ
nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭam palāśam nalināt iva

42. ca tasya śirasaḥ varāṅkuśaḥ vibhraṣṭaḥ papāta
nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭam palāśam nalināt iva

42. And his excellent elephant-goad fell from his head, just as a leaf falls from a lotus due to the shaking of its stalk.

Words meanings summery:

• शिरसः (śirasaḥ) - from the head, of the head

• तस्य (tasya) - of King Bhagadatta (his, of him)

• विभ्रष्टः (vibhraṣṭaḥ) - fallen, slipped, detached

• पपात (papāta) - fell down, descended

• च (ca) - and

• वराङ्कुशः (varāṅkuśaḥ) - excellent elephant-goad (excellent goad)

• नालताडनविभ्रष्टम् (nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭam) - fallen due to the shaking of its lotus stalk (fallen due to the striking of the stalk)

• पलाशम् (palāśam) - leaf, petal

• नलिनात् (nalināt) - from a lotus

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

शिरसः (śirasaḥ) - from the head, of the head

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top

तस्य (tasya) - of King Bhagadatta (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विभ्रष्टः (vibhraṣṭaḥ) - fallen, slipped, detached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhraṣṭa

vibhraṣṭa - fallen down, slipped off, detached

Past Passive Participle

from root bhraś (to fall) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: bhraś (class 1)

पपात (papāta) - fell down, descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect active third person singular

reduplicated perfect form of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वराङ्कुशः (varāṅkuśaḥ) - excellent elephant-goad (excellent goad)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varāṅkuśa

varāṅkuśa - excellent goad, chief elephant-goad

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+aṅkuśa)

• vara – best, excellent, boon
  adjective (masculine)
• aṅkuśa – hook, goad (especially for elephants)
  noun (masculine)

नालताडनविभ्रष्टम् (nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭam) - fallen due to the shaking of its lotus stalk (fallen due to the striking of the stalk)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭa

nālatāḍanavibhraṣṭa - fallen due to the striking/shaking of a stalk

Past Passive Participle

Compound of nāla-tāḍana (instrumental sense) and vibhraṣṭa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāla+tāḍana+vibhraṣṭa)

• nāla – stalk, tube
  noun (neuter)
• tāḍana – striking, beating, shaking
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun/action noun
  from root taḍ (to strike)
  Root: taḍ (class 10)
• vibhraṣṭa – fallen, slipped, detached
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bhraś (to fall) with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhraś (class 1)

पलाशम् (palāśam) - leaf, petal

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of palāśa

palāśa - leaf, foliage, petal

नलिनात् (nalināt) - from a lotus

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nalina

nalina - lotus, water-lily

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)